Direct Detection of <i>Streptococcus suis</i> from Cerebrospinal Fluid, Positive Hemoculture, and Simultaneous Differentiation of Serotypes 1, 1/2, 2, and 14 within Single Reaction
<i>Streptococcus suis</i> is an emerging zoonotic bacterium causing septicemia and meningitis in humans. Due to rapid disease progression, high mortality rate, and many underdiagnosed cases by time-consuming routine identification methods, alternative diagnostic testing is essential. Amo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-08-01
|
| Series: | Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/8/996 |
| _version_ | 1797522529572618240 |
|---|---|
| author | Ingyin Shun Lae Thu Khajornsak Tragoolpua Sorasak Intorasoot Usanee Anukool Phadungkiat Khamnoi Anusak Kerdsin Chayada Sitthidet Tharinjaroen |
| author_facet | Ingyin Shun Lae Thu Khajornsak Tragoolpua Sorasak Intorasoot Usanee Anukool Phadungkiat Khamnoi Anusak Kerdsin Chayada Sitthidet Tharinjaroen |
| author_sort | Ingyin Shun Lae Thu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Streptococcus suis</i> is an emerging zoonotic bacterium causing septicemia and meningitis in humans. Due to rapid disease progression, high mortality rate, and many underdiagnosed cases by time-consuming routine identification methods, alternative diagnostic testing is essential. Among 29 broadly accepted <i>S. suis</i> serotypes, serotypes 2 and 14 are high prevalent; however, many PCR assays showed an inability to differentiate serotype 2 from 1/2, and 1 from 14. In this study, we developed and validated a new multiplex PCR assay that facilitates the identification of only the 29 true serotypes of <i>S. suis</i> and simultaneously differentiates serotypes 1, 1/2, 2, and 14 within a single reaction. Importantly, the multiplex PCR could detect <i>S. suis</i> directly from positive hemocultures and CSF. The results revealed high sensitivity, specificity, and 100% accuracy with almost perfect agreement (κ = 1.0) compared to culture and serotyping methods. Direct detection enables a decrease in overall diagnosis time, rapid and efficient treatment, reduced fatality rates, and proficient disease control. This multiplex PCR offers a rapid, easy, and cost-effective method that can be applied in a routine laboratory. Furthermore, it is promising for developing point-of-care testing (POCT) for <i>S. suis</i> detection in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:30:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4812968b33c4fe8a0e4a482856a5ea1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:30:43Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4812968b33c4fe8a0e4a482856a5ea12023-11-22T09:09:12ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-08-0110899610.3390/pathogens10080996Direct Detection of <i>Streptococcus suis</i> from Cerebrospinal Fluid, Positive Hemoculture, and Simultaneous Differentiation of Serotypes 1, 1/2, 2, and 14 within Single ReactionIngyin Shun Lae Thu0Khajornsak Tragoolpua1Sorasak Intorasoot2Usanee Anukool3Phadungkiat Khamnoi4Anusak Kerdsin5Chayada Sitthidet Tharinjaroen6Division of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandMicrobiology Unit, Diagnostic Laboratory, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandFaculty of Public Health, Kasetsart University, Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon 47000, ThailandDivision of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand<i>Streptococcus suis</i> is an emerging zoonotic bacterium causing septicemia and meningitis in humans. Due to rapid disease progression, high mortality rate, and many underdiagnosed cases by time-consuming routine identification methods, alternative diagnostic testing is essential. Among 29 broadly accepted <i>S. suis</i> serotypes, serotypes 2 and 14 are high prevalent; however, many PCR assays showed an inability to differentiate serotype 2 from 1/2, and 1 from 14. In this study, we developed and validated a new multiplex PCR assay that facilitates the identification of only the 29 true serotypes of <i>S. suis</i> and simultaneously differentiates serotypes 1, 1/2, 2, and 14 within a single reaction. Importantly, the multiplex PCR could detect <i>S. suis</i> directly from positive hemocultures and CSF. The results revealed high sensitivity, specificity, and 100% accuracy with almost perfect agreement (κ = 1.0) compared to culture and serotyping methods. Direct detection enables a decrease in overall diagnosis time, rapid and efficient treatment, reduced fatality rates, and proficient disease control. This multiplex PCR offers a rapid, easy, and cost-effective method that can be applied in a routine laboratory. Furthermore, it is promising for developing point-of-care testing (POCT) for <i>S. suis</i> detection in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/8/996<i>Streptococcus suis</i>multiplex PCRdirect detectionserotypingserotype 1serotype 1/2 |
| spellingShingle | Ingyin Shun Lae Thu Khajornsak Tragoolpua Sorasak Intorasoot Usanee Anukool Phadungkiat Khamnoi Anusak Kerdsin Chayada Sitthidet Tharinjaroen Direct Detection of <i>Streptococcus suis</i> from Cerebrospinal Fluid, Positive Hemoculture, and Simultaneous Differentiation of Serotypes 1, 1/2, 2, and 14 within Single Reaction Pathogens <i>Streptococcus suis</i> multiplex PCR direct detection serotyping serotype 1 serotype 1/2 |
| title | Direct Detection of <i>Streptococcus suis</i> from Cerebrospinal Fluid, Positive Hemoculture, and Simultaneous Differentiation of Serotypes 1, 1/2, 2, and 14 within Single Reaction |
| title_full | Direct Detection of <i>Streptococcus suis</i> from Cerebrospinal Fluid, Positive Hemoculture, and Simultaneous Differentiation of Serotypes 1, 1/2, 2, and 14 within Single Reaction |
| title_fullStr | Direct Detection of <i>Streptococcus suis</i> from Cerebrospinal Fluid, Positive Hemoculture, and Simultaneous Differentiation of Serotypes 1, 1/2, 2, and 14 within Single Reaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Direct Detection of <i>Streptococcus suis</i> from Cerebrospinal Fluid, Positive Hemoculture, and Simultaneous Differentiation of Serotypes 1, 1/2, 2, and 14 within Single Reaction |
| title_short | Direct Detection of <i>Streptococcus suis</i> from Cerebrospinal Fluid, Positive Hemoculture, and Simultaneous Differentiation of Serotypes 1, 1/2, 2, and 14 within Single Reaction |
| title_sort | direct detection of i streptococcus suis i from cerebrospinal fluid positive hemoculture and simultaneous differentiation of serotypes 1 1 2 2 and 14 within single reaction |
| topic | <i>Streptococcus suis</i> multiplex PCR direct detection serotyping serotype 1 serotype 1/2 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/8/996 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ingyinshunlaethu directdetectionofistreptococcussuisifromcerebrospinalfluidpositivehemocultureandsimultaneousdifferentiationofserotypes1122and14withinsinglereaction AT khajornsaktragoolpua directdetectionofistreptococcussuisifromcerebrospinalfluidpositivehemocultureandsimultaneousdifferentiationofserotypes1122and14withinsinglereaction AT sorasakintorasoot directdetectionofistreptococcussuisifromcerebrospinalfluidpositivehemocultureandsimultaneousdifferentiationofserotypes1122and14withinsinglereaction AT usaneeanukool directdetectionofistreptococcussuisifromcerebrospinalfluidpositivehemocultureandsimultaneousdifferentiationofserotypes1122and14withinsinglereaction AT phadungkiatkhamnoi directdetectionofistreptococcussuisifromcerebrospinalfluidpositivehemocultureandsimultaneousdifferentiationofserotypes1122and14withinsinglereaction AT anusakkerdsin directdetectionofistreptococcussuisifromcerebrospinalfluidpositivehemocultureandsimultaneousdifferentiationofserotypes1122and14withinsinglereaction AT chayadasitthidettharinjaroen directdetectionofistreptococcussuisifromcerebrospinalfluidpositivehemocultureandsimultaneousdifferentiationofserotypes1122and14withinsinglereaction |