Physiological Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Status, Columnaris Resistance, and Growth of Nile Tilapia That Received <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>-Supplemented Diets
The current perspective is a pioneering trial to assess the efficacy of the dietary supplementation of <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i> powder (AVP) in the diet of Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) on growth performance, blood picture, hepatic and renal biomarkers, immune...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/8/1494 |
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| author | Abdallah Tageldein Mansour Heba H. Mahboub Gehad E. Elshopakey Enas K. Aziz Adnan H. M. Alhajji Gamal Rayan Hesham S. Ghazzawy Walaa El-Houseiny |
| author_facet | Abdallah Tageldein Mansour Heba H. Mahboub Gehad E. Elshopakey Enas K. Aziz Adnan H. M. Alhajji Gamal Rayan Hesham S. Ghazzawy Walaa El-Houseiny |
| author_sort | Abdallah Tageldein Mansour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The current perspective is a pioneering trial to assess the efficacy of the dietary supplementation of <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i> powder (AVP) in the diet of Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) on growth performance, blood picture, hepatic and renal biomarkers, immune status, and serum and tissue antioxidant capacity and to investigate the resistance against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> challenge. Fish (<i>n</i> = 360) were distributed into six groups (three replicates each) and received increasing AVP supplementation levels (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g kg<sup>−1</sup>) for 60 days. Furthermore, fish were exposed to the bacterial challenge of a virulent <i>F. columnare</i> strain and maintained under observation for 12 days. During the observation period, clinical signs and the cumulative mortality percentage were recorded. The results demonstrated that the growth performance, feed conversion ratio, and hematological profile were noticeably enhanced in the AVP-supplemented groups compared to the control. The most promising results of weight gain and feed conversion ratio were recorded in the groups with 6, 8, and 10 g AVP kg<sup>−1</sup> diets in a linear regression trend. The levels of hepatorenal function indicators were maintained in a healthy range in the different dietary AVP-supplemented groups. In a dose-dependent manner, fish fed AVP dietary supplements displayed significant augmented serum levels of innate immune indicators (lysozyme, nitric oxide, and complement 3) and antioxidant biomarkers (Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant (TAC), and reduced glutathione (GSH) with a marked decrease in myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels). Likewise, hepatic CAT and SOD activities were significantly improved, and the opposite trend was recorded with hepatic MDA. The highest AVP-supplemented dose (10 g/kg) recorded the highest immune-antioxidant status. Based on the study findings, we highlight the efficacy of AVP as a nutraceutical dietary supplementation for aquaculture to enhance growth, physiological performance, and immune-antioxidant status and as a natural economic antibacterial agent in <i>O. niloticus</i> for sustaining aquaculture. It could be concluded that the dietary supplementation of 10 g AVP/kg enhanced <i>O. niloticus</i> growth, physiological performance, immune-antioxidant status, and resistance against <i>F. columnare.</i> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:46:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e484d58cb02e4489950c0589d82b24ce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:46:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-e484d58cb02e4489950c0589d82b24ce2023-12-03T13:15:37ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212022-07-01118149410.3390/antiox11081494Physiological Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Status, Columnaris Resistance, and Growth of Nile Tilapia That Received <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>-Supplemented DietsAbdallah Tageldein Mansour0Heba H. Mahboub1Gehad E. Elshopakey2Enas K. Aziz3Adnan H. M. Alhajji4Gamal Rayan5Hesham S. Ghazzawy6Walaa El-Houseiny7Aquaculture and Animal Production Department, Agricultural & Food Sciences College, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Sharkia, EgyptDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Dakahlia, EgyptDepartment of Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, El Sadat City 23897, Monufia, EgyptAquaculture and Animal Production Department, Agricultural & Food Sciences College, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaAquaculture and Animal Production Department, Agricultural & Food Sciences College, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDate Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Sharkia, EgyptThe current perspective is a pioneering trial to assess the efficacy of the dietary supplementation of <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i> powder (AVP) in the diet of Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) on growth performance, blood picture, hepatic and renal biomarkers, immune status, and serum and tissue antioxidant capacity and to investigate the resistance against <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i> challenge. Fish (<i>n</i> = 360) were distributed into six groups (three replicates each) and received increasing AVP supplementation levels (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g kg<sup>−1</sup>) for 60 days. Furthermore, fish were exposed to the bacterial challenge of a virulent <i>F. columnare</i> strain and maintained under observation for 12 days. During the observation period, clinical signs and the cumulative mortality percentage were recorded. The results demonstrated that the growth performance, feed conversion ratio, and hematological profile were noticeably enhanced in the AVP-supplemented groups compared to the control. The most promising results of weight gain and feed conversion ratio were recorded in the groups with 6, 8, and 10 g AVP kg<sup>−1</sup> diets in a linear regression trend. The levels of hepatorenal function indicators were maintained in a healthy range in the different dietary AVP-supplemented groups. In a dose-dependent manner, fish fed AVP dietary supplements displayed significant augmented serum levels of innate immune indicators (lysozyme, nitric oxide, and complement 3) and antioxidant biomarkers (Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant (TAC), and reduced glutathione (GSH) with a marked decrease in myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels). Likewise, hepatic CAT and SOD activities were significantly improved, and the opposite trend was recorded with hepatic MDA. The highest AVP-supplemented dose (10 g/kg) recorded the highest immune-antioxidant status. Based on the study findings, we highlight the efficacy of AVP as a nutraceutical dietary supplementation for aquaculture to enhance growth, physiological performance, and immune-antioxidant status and as a natural economic antibacterial agent in <i>O. niloticus</i> for sustaining aquaculture. It could be concluded that the dietary supplementation of 10 g AVP/kg enhanced <i>O. niloticus</i> growth, physiological performance, immune-antioxidant status, and resistance against <i>F. columnare.</i>https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/8/1494<i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>feed additiveNile tilapiaimmune and antioxidant statusbacterial challengegrowth performance |
| spellingShingle | Abdallah Tageldein Mansour Heba H. Mahboub Gehad E. Elshopakey Enas K. Aziz Adnan H. M. Alhajji Gamal Rayan Hesham S. Ghazzawy Walaa El-Houseiny Physiological Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Status, Columnaris Resistance, and Growth of Nile Tilapia That Received <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>-Supplemented Diets Antioxidants <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i> feed additive Nile tilapia immune and antioxidant status bacterial challenge growth performance |
| title | Physiological Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Status, Columnaris Resistance, and Growth of Nile Tilapia That Received <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>-Supplemented Diets |
| title_full | Physiological Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Status, Columnaris Resistance, and Growth of Nile Tilapia That Received <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>-Supplemented Diets |
| title_fullStr | Physiological Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Status, Columnaris Resistance, and Growth of Nile Tilapia That Received <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>-Supplemented Diets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiological Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Status, Columnaris Resistance, and Growth of Nile Tilapia That Received <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>-Supplemented Diets |
| title_short | Physiological Performance, Antioxidant and Immune Status, Columnaris Resistance, and Growth of Nile Tilapia That Received <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i>-Supplemented Diets |
| title_sort | physiological performance antioxidant and immune status columnaris resistance and growth of nile tilapia that received i alchemilla vulgaris i supplemented diets |
| topic | <i>Alchemilla vulgaris</i> feed additive Nile tilapia immune and antioxidant status bacterial challenge growth performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/8/1494 |
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