Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A Review
In the field of electrocoagulation (EC), various studies on pollutant removal and on the use of different EC technologies have already been made. An EC process generates sludge, which is considered waste, resulting in increased operational costs that come from waste disposal. Sludge contains valuabl...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Resources |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/10/12/127 |
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| author | Kyösti Rajaniemi Sari Tuomikoski Ulla Lassi |
| author_facet | Kyösti Rajaniemi Sari Tuomikoski Ulla Lassi |
| author_sort | Kyösti Rajaniemi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the field of electrocoagulation (EC), various studies on pollutant removal and on the use of different EC technologies have already been made. An EC process generates sludge, which is considered waste, resulting in increased operational costs that come from waste disposal. Sludge contains valuable materials, such as the nutrients or metals removed during water purification, along with metals, such as aluminum or iron, which come from the electrodes used in an EC system. Based on the principles of circular economy or based on existing legislations, reducing the production of valuable wastes, and increasing the valorization rate of as many materials as possible are important endeavors. This study is mainly a review of the existing sludge valorization studies. This review highlights the valorization of sludge as a fertilizer (mainly as struvite), pigment, construction material (mainly as blocks), adsorbent, and catalyst. While it has already been found that EC sludge is valorizable, more studies on EC sludge valorization and on the quality of sludge produced from the effluent of EC processes are warranted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:11:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e48afbcfb433482a9c495c3c5865a741 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9276 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:11:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Resources |
| spelling | doaj.art-e48afbcfb433482a9c495c3c5865a7412023-11-23T10:26:20ZengMDPI AGResources2079-92762021-12-01101212710.3390/resources10120127Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A ReviewKyösti Rajaniemi0Sari Tuomikoski1Ulla Lassi2Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandResearch Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandResearch Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014 Oulu, FinlandIn the field of electrocoagulation (EC), various studies on pollutant removal and on the use of different EC technologies have already been made. An EC process generates sludge, which is considered waste, resulting in increased operational costs that come from waste disposal. Sludge contains valuable materials, such as the nutrients or metals removed during water purification, along with metals, such as aluminum or iron, which come from the electrodes used in an EC system. Based on the principles of circular economy or based on existing legislations, reducing the production of valuable wastes, and increasing the valorization rate of as many materials as possible are important endeavors. This study is mainly a review of the existing sludge valorization studies. This review highlights the valorization of sludge as a fertilizer (mainly as struvite), pigment, construction material (mainly as blocks), adsorbent, and catalyst. While it has already been found that EC sludge is valorizable, more studies on EC sludge valorization and on the quality of sludge produced from the effluent of EC processes are warranted.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/10/12/127electrocoagulation sludgevalorizationadsorbentpigmentconstruction materialcatalyst |
| spellingShingle | Kyösti Rajaniemi Sari Tuomikoski Ulla Lassi Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A Review Resources electrocoagulation sludge valorization adsorbent pigment construction material catalyst |
| title | Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A Review |
| title_full | Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A Review |
| title_fullStr | Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A Review |
| title_short | Electrocoagulation Sludge Valorization—A Review |
| title_sort | electrocoagulation sludge valorization a review |
| topic | electrocoagulation sludge valorization adsorbent pigment construction material catalyst |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/10/12/127 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kyostirajaniemi electrocoagulationsludgevalorizationareview AT sarituomikoski electrocoagulationsludgevalorizationareview AT ullalassi electrocoagulationsludgevalorizationareview |