A new microspore embryogenesis system under low temperature which mimics zygotic embryogenesis initials, expresses auxin and efficiently regenerates doubled-haploid plants in <it>Brassica napus</it>
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Microspore embryogenesis represents a unique system of single cell reprogramming in plants wherein a highly specialized cell, the microspore, by specific stress treatment, switches its fate towards an embryogenesis pathway. In <it...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2012-08-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/12/127 |
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| author | Prem Deepak Solís María-Teresa Bárány Ivett Rodríguez-Sanz Héctor Risueño María C Testillano Pilar S |
| author_facet | Prem Deepak Solís María-Teresa Bárány Ivett Rodríguez-Sanz Héctor Risueño María C Testillano Pilar S |
| author_sort | Prem Deepak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Microspore embryogenesis represents a unique system of single cell reprogramming in plants wherein a highly specialized cell, the microspore, by specific stress treatment, switches its fate towards an embryogenesis pathway. In <it>Brassica napus,</it> a model species for this phenomenon, incubation of isolated microspores at 32°C is considered to be a pre-requisite for embryogenesis induction.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We have developed a new <it>in vitro</it> system at lower temperature (18°C) to efficiently induce microspore embryogenesis throughout two different developmental pathways: one involving the formation of suspensor-like structures (52.4%) and another producing multicellular embryos without suspensor (13.1%); additionally, a small proportion of non-responsive microspores followed a gametophytic-like development (34.4%) leading to mature pollen. The suspensor-like pathway followed at 18°C involved the establishment of asymmetric identities from the first microspore division and an early polarity leading to different cell fates, suspensor and embryo development, which were formed by cells with different organizations and endogenous auxin distribution, similar to zygotic embryogenesis. In addition, a new strategy for germination of microspore derived embryos was developed for achieving more than 90% conversion of embryos to plantlets, with a predominance of spontaneous doubled haploids plants.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The present work reveals a novel mechanism for efficient microspore embryogenesis induction in <it>B. napus</it> using continuous low temperature treatment. Results indicated that low temperature applied for longer periods favours an embryogenesis pathway whose first division originates asymmetric cell identities, early polarity establishment and the formation of suspensor-like structures, mimicking zygotic embryogenesis. This new <it>in vitro</it> system provides a convenient tool to analyze <it>in situ</it> the mechanisms underlying different developmental pathways during the microspore reprogramming, breaking or not the cellular symmetry, the establishment of polarity and the developmental embryo patterning, which further produce mature embryos and plants.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:17:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e48c2f195f6747adb1cef4b16379f0be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T04:17:58Z |
| publishDate | 2012-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e48c2f195f6747adb1cef4b16379f0be2022-12-22T02:12:43ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292012-08-0112112710.1186/1471-2229-12-127A new microspore embryogenesis system under low temperature which mimics zygotic embryogenesis initials, expresses auxin and efficiently regenerates doubled-haploid plants in <it>Brassica napus</it>Prem DeepakSolís María-TeresaBárány IvettRodríguez-Sanz HéctorRisueño María CTestillano Pilar S<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Microspore embryogenesis represents a unique system of single cell reprogramming in plants wherein a highly specialized cell, the microspore, by specific stress treatment, switches its fate towards an embryogenesis pathway. In <it>Brassica napus,</it> a model species for this phenomenon, incubation of isolated microspores at 32°C is considered to be a pre-requisite for embryogenesis induction.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We have developed a new <it>in vitro</it> system at lower temperature (18°C) to efficiently induce microspore embryogenesis throughout two different developmental pathways: one involving the formation of suspensor-like structures (52.4%) and another producing multicellular embryos without suspensor (13.1%); additionally, a small proportion of non-responsive microspores followed a gametophytic-like development (34.4%) leading to mature pollen. The suspensor-like pathway followed at 18°C involved the establishment of asymmetric identities from the first microspore division and an early polarity leading to different cell fates, suspensor and embryo development, which were formed by cells with different organizations and endogenous auxin distribution, similar to zygotic embryogenesis. In addition, a new strategy for germination of microspore derived embryos was developed for achieving more than 90% conversion of embryos to plantlets, with a predominance of spontaneous doubled haploids plants.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The present work reveals a novel mechanism for efficient microspore embryogenesis induction in <it>B. napus</it> using continuous low temperature treatment. Results indicated that low temperature applied for longer periods favours an embryogenesis pathway whose first division originates asymmetric cell identities, early polarity establishment and the formation of suspensor-like structures, mimicking zygotic embryogenesis. This new <it>in vitro</it> system provides a convenient tool to analyze <it>in situ</it> the mechanisms underlying different developmental pathways during the microspore reprogramming, breaking or not the cellular symmetry, the establishment of polarity and the developmental embryo patterning, which further produce mature embryos and plants.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/12/127Microspore embryogenesisZygotic-like microspore embryogenesisSuspensor-like<it>Brassica napus</it>Doubled-haploidEmbryo germinationPlant regeneration<it>In vitro</it> microspore cultureAuxinIAA |
| spellingShingle | Prem Deepak Solís María-Teresa Bárány Ivett Rodríguez-Sanz Héctor Risueño María C Testillano Pilar S A new microspore embryogenesis system under low temperature which mimics zygotic embryogenesis initials, expresses auxin and efficiently regenerates doubled-haploid plants in <it>Brassica napus</it> BMC Plant Biology Microspore embryogenesis Zygotic-like microspore embryogenesis Suspensor-like <it>Brassica napus</it> Doubled-haploid Embryo germination Plant regeneration <it>In vitro</it> microspore culture Auxin IAA |
| title | A new microspore embryogenesis system under low temperature which mimics zygotic embryogenesis initials, expresses auxin and efficiently regenerates doubled-haploid plants in <it>Brassica napus</it> |
| title_full | A new microspore embryogenesis system under low temperature which mimics zygotic embryogenesis initials, expresses auxin and efficiently regenerates doubled-haploid plants in <it>Brassica napus</it> |
| title_fullStr | A new microspore embryogenesis system under low temperature which mimics zygotic embryogenesis initials, expresses auxin and efficiently regenerates doubled-haploid plants in <it>Brassica napus</it> |
| title_full_unstemmed | A new microspore embryogenesis system under low temperature which mimics zygotic embryogenesis initials, expresses auxin and efficiently regenerates doubled-haploid plants in <it>Brassica napus</it> |
| title_short | A new microspore embryogenesis system under low temperature which mimics zygotic embryogenesis initials, expresses auxin and efficiently regenerates doubled-haploid plants in <it>Brassica napus</it> |
| title_sort | new microspore embryogenesis system under low temperature which mimics zygotic embryogenesis initials expresses auxin and efficiently regenerates doubled haploid plants in it brassica napus it |
| topic | Microspore embryogenesis Zygotic-like microspore embryogenesis Suspensor-like <it>Brassica napus</it> Doubled-haploid Embryo germination Plant regeneration <it>In vitro</it> microspore culture Auxin IAA |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/12/127 |
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