Defective Interfering Particles of Influenza Virus and Their Characteristics, Impacts, and Use in Vaccines and Antiviral Strategies: A Systematic Review
Defective interfering particles (DIPs) are particles containing defective viral genomes (DVGs) generated during viral replication. DIPs have been found in various RNA viruses, especially in influenza viruses. Evidence indicates that DIPs interfere with the replication and encapsulation of wild-type...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2773 |
| _version_ | 1797454934439886848 |
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| author | Min Wu Entong Zhou Rui Sheng Xiaoshu Fu Jiemin Li Chunlai Jiang Weiheng Su |
| author_facet | Min Wu Entong Zhou Rui Sheng Xiaoshu Fu Jiemin Li Chunlai Jiang Weiheng Su |
| author_sort | Min Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Defective interfering particles (DIPs) are particles containing defective viral genomes (DVGs) generated during viral replication. DIPs have been found in various RNA viruses, especially in influenza viruses. Evidence indicates that DIPs interfere with the replication and encapsulation of wild-type viruses, namely standard viruses (STVs) that contain full-length viral genomes. DIPs may also activate the innate immune response by stimulating interferon synthesis. In this review, the underlying generation mechanisms and characteristics of influenza virus DIPs are summarized. We also discuss the potential impact of DIPs on the immunogenicity of live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) and development of influenza vaccines based on NS1 gene-defective DIPs. Finally, we review the antiviral strategies based on influenza virus DIPs that have been used against both influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2. This review provides systematic insights into the theory and application of influenza virus DIPs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:45:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4afc10e9b4f46d1bf48d70bacb9f6c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:45:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4afc10e9b4f46d1bf48d70bacb9f6c92023-11-24T18:39:25ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-12-011412277310.3390/v14122773Defective Interfering Particles of Influenza Virus and Their Characteristics, Impacts, and Use in Vaccines and Antiviral Strategies: A Systematic ReviewMin Wu0Entong Zhou1Rui Sheng2Xiaoshu Fu3Jiemin Li4Chunlai Jiang5Weiheng Su6National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, ChinaDefective interfering particles (DIPs) are particles containing defective viral genomes (DVGs) generated during viral replication. DIPs have been found in various RNA viruses, especially in influenza viruses. Evidence indicates that DIPs interfere with the replication and encapsulation of wild-type viruses, namely standard viruses (STVs) that contain full-length viral genomes. DIPs may also activate the innate immune response by stimulating interferon synthesis. In this review, the underlying generation mechanisms and characteristics of influenza virus DIPs are summarized. We also discuss the potential impact of DIPs on the immunogenicity of live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIVs) and development of influenza vaccines based on NS1 gene-defective DIPs. Finally, we review the antiviral strategies based on influenza virus DIPs that have been used against both influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2. This review provides systematic insights into the theory and application of influenza virus DIPs.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2773defective interfering particlesdefective viral genomesinfluenza virusviral replicationinterferonNS1 |
| spellingShingle | Min Wu Entong Zhou Rui Sheng Xiaoshu Fu Jiemin Li Chunlai Jiang Weiheng Su Defective Interfering Particles of Influenza Virus and Their Characteristics, Impacts, and Use in Vaccines and Antiviral Strategies: A Systematic Review Viruses defective interfering particles defective viral genomes influenza virus viral replication interferon NS1 |
| title | Defective Interfering Particles of Influenza Virus and Their Characteristics, Impacts, and Use in Vaccines and Antiviral Strategies: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Defective Interfering Particles of Influenza Virus and Their Characteristics, Impacts, and Use in Vaccines and Antiviral Strategies: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Defective Interfering Particles of Influenza Virus and Their Characteristics, Impacts, and Use in Vaccines and Antiviral Strategies: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Defective Interfering Particles of Influenza Virus and Their Characteristics, Impacts, and Use in Vaccines and Antiviral Strategies: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Defective Interfering Particles of Influenza Virus and Their Characteristics, Impacts, and Use in Vaccines and Antiviral Strategies: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | defective interfering particles of influenza virus and their characteristics impacts and use in vaccines and antiviral strategies a systematic review |
| topic | defective interfering particles defective viral genomes influenza virus viral replication interferon NS1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/12/2773 |
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