| Summary: | Previous research on friction calculation models has mainly focused on static friction, whereas sliding friction calculation models are rarely reported. In this paper, a novel sliding friction model for realizing a dry spherical flat contact with a roughness effect at the micro/nano scale is proposed. This model yields the sliding friction by the change in the periodic substrate potential, adopts the basic assumptions of the Greenwood–Williamson random contact model about asperities, and assumes that the contact area between a rigid sphere and a nominal rough flat satisfies the condition of interfacial friction. It subsequently employs a statistical method to determine the total sliding friction force, and finally, the feasibility of this model presented is verified by atomic force microscopy friction experiments. The comparison results show that the deviations of the sliding friction force and coefficient between the theoretical calculated values and the experimental values are in a relatively acceptable range for the samples with a small plasticity index (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">Ψ</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>).
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