Effects of Microphysics Parameterizations on Forecasting a Severe Hailstorm of 30 April 2021 in Eastern China
On the evening of 30 April 2021, a severe hailstorm swept across eastern China, causing catastrophic gale and damaging hailstones. This hailstorm event was directly caused by two mesoscale convective systems associated with strong squall lines, with mid-level cold advection from the northeast cold v...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/3/526 |
| _version_ | 1797613589164457984 |
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| author | Fulin Jiang Bo Chen Fengxue Qiao Rui Wang Chaoshi Wei Qiyang Liu |
| author_facet | Fulin Jiang Bo Chen Fengxue Qiao Rui Wang Chaoshi Wei Qiyang Liu |
| author_sort | Fulin Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | On the evening of 30 April 2021, a severe hailstorm swept across eastern China, causing catastrophic gale and damaging hailstones. This hailstorm event was directly caused by two mesoscale convective systems associated with strong squall lines, with mid-level cold advection from the northeast cold vortex, and strong low-level convergence associated with the low-level vortex and wind shear line. Double nesting of the high-resolution weather research and forecasting model (9–1 km) is utilized to simulate this hailstorm with five microphysics schemes. The radar-based maximum estimated size of hail (MESH) algorithm, differential reflectivity and fractions skill scores were used to quantitatively evaluate the precision. All schemes basically captured the two squall lines that swept through eastern China, although they appeared one or two hours earlier than observation. Particularly, Goddard and Thompson performed better in the MESH swath and fractions skill scores among the five different schemes. However, Thompson most realistically captured the reflectivity pattern, intensity and vertical structure of mesoscale convective systems. Its high-reflectivity column corresponded to the maximum center of the hail mixing ratio within the updraft region, which is consistent with the characteristics of a pulse-type hailstorm in its mature phase. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:56:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4b5237d584e4c6196c4d3dea671d184 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:56:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4b5237d584e4c6196c4d3dea671d1842023-11-17T09:32:58ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332023-03-0114352610.3390/atmos14030526Effects of Microphysics Parameterizations on Forecasting a Severe Hailstorm of 30 April 2021 in Eastern ChinaFulin Jiang0Bo Chen1Fengxue Qiao2Rui Wang3Chaoshi Wei4Qiyang Liu5Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, ChinaEast China Air Traffic Management Bureau, CAAC, Shanghai 200335, ChinaKey Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, ChinaShanghai Central Meteorological Observatory, Shanghai 200030, ChinaEast China Air Traffic Management Bureau, CAAC, Shanghai 200335, ChinaKey Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, ChinaOn the evening of 30 April 2021, a severe hailstorm swept across eastern China, causing catastrophic gale and damaging hailstones. This hailstorm event was directly caused by two mesoscale convective systems associated with strong squall lines, with mid-level cold advection from the northeast cold vortex, and strong low-level convergence associated with the low-level vortex and wind shear line. Double nesting of the high-resolution weather research and forecasting model (9–1 km) is utilized to simulate this hailstorm with five microphysics schemes. The radar-based maximum estimated size of hail (MESH) algorithm, differential reflectivity and fractions skill scores were used to quantitatively evaluate the precision. All schemes basically captured the two squall lines that swept through eastern China, although they appeared one or two hours earlier than observation. Particularly, Goddard and Thompson performed better in the MESH swath and fractions skill scores among the five different schemes. However, Thompson most realistically captured the reflectivity pattern, intensity and vertical structure of mesoscale convective systems. Its high-reflectivity column corresponded to the maximum center of the hail mixing ratio within the updraft region, which is consistent with the characteristics of a pulse-type hailstorm in its mature phase.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/3/526hailmicrophysicsMESHdifferential reflectivityfractions skill scores |
| spellingShingle | Fulin Jiang Bo Chen Fengxue Qiao Rui Wang Chaoshi Wei Qiyang Liu Effects of Microphysics Parameterizations on Forecasting a Severe Hailstorm of 30 April 2021 in Eastern China Atmosphere hail microphysics MESH differential reflectivity fractions skill scores |
| title | Effects of Microphysics Parameterizations on Forecasting a Severe Hailstorm of 30 April 2021 in Eastern China |
| title_full | Effects of Microphysics Parameterizations on Forecasting a Severe Hailstorm of 30 April 2021 in Eastern China |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Microphysics Parameterizations on Forecasting a Severe Hailstorm of 30 April 2021 in Eastern China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Microphysics Parameterizations on Forecasting a Severe Hailstorm of 30 April 2021 in Eastern China |
| title_short | Effects of Microphysics Parameterizations on Forecasting a Severe Hailstorm of 30 April 2021 in Eastern China |
| title_sort | effects of microphysics parameterizations on forecasting a severe hailstorm of 30 april 2021 in eastern china |
| topic | hail microphysics MESH differential reflectivity fractions skill scores |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/3/526 |
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