Effect of phytogenic iron nanoparticles on the bio-fortification of wheat varieties
Bio-fortification is a potential technique to tackle micronutrient deficiencies that remain. Wheat grain bio-fortification has the ability to decrease malnutrition because it represents one of the most essential staple crops. Bio-fortification is cost-effective and evidence-based sustainable techniq...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Green Processing and Synthesis |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2023-8002 |
| _version_ | 1797688856463540224 |
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| author | Hassan Ubaid ul Khan Maarij Younas Zohaib Raja Naveed Iqbal Mashwani Zia ur Rehman Sohail |
| author_facet | Hassan Ubaid ul Khan Maarij Younas Zohaib Raja Naveed Iqbal Mashwani Zia ur Rehman Sohail |
| author_sort | Hassan Ubaid ul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bio-fortification is a potential technique to tackle micronutrient deficiencies that remain. Wheat grain bio-fortification has the ability to decrease malnutrition because it represents one of the most essential staple crops. Bio-fortification is cost-effective and evidence-based sustainable technique to address malnutrition in wheat varieties possessing additional micronutrient contents. Nano-biofortification is a novel approach, enriching crops with essential nutrients in order to supplement human diets with balanced diets. The current study was designed to explore the potential role of phytogenic iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) to enhance nutritional contents in wheat plants to fulfill the nutrient deficiency important for human and animal health. In the current study, Fe-NPs were fabricated by using the extract of Mentha arvensis L. that were irregular in shape with an approximate size range of 40–100 nm. Further, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analyses were deployed to confirm the presence of t of various functional groups involved in the green and eco-friendly fabrication of Fe-NPs. The effects of phytogenic Fe-NPs were examined on various physiological and biochemical parameters such as total proline, total chlorophyll, carbohydrates, protein, crude fibers, and lipids contents. Moreover, wheat physiological and biochemical profiling was carried out, and it was noticed that Fe-NPs significantly altered the physico-biochemical profiling of wheat plants. Multiple methods of administration of Fe-NPs were used to fortify the wheat crop. However, the Fe-NPs assisted seed priming along with foliar applications at various concentrations (10, 20, and 30 mg·L−1) were found more suitable to enhance the contents of proline, Chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, carbohydrate, proteins, fibers, and lipids (20.22%, 18.23%, 17.25%, 16.32%, 12.34%, 24.31%, 19.52%, and 11.97%, respectively) in wheat plants. Further, wheat flour was exposed to digestive enzymes, with the iron content gradually increased in a dose-dependent manner. The nutritional analysis of wheat zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), yttrium (Y), and copper (Cu) and the fatty acid profile have demonstrated divergent patterns of behavior. Similarly, iron content was also increased significantly in response to the exposure to Fe-NPs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:36:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4cbda27f8764731a1e0031a20ff673d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2191-9550 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:36:41Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Green Processing and Synthesis |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4cbda27f8764731a1e0031a20ff673d2023-09-11T06:59:48ZengDe GruyterGreen Processing and Synthesis2191-95502023-09-011213879510.1515/gps-2023-8002Effect of phytogenic iron nanoparticles on the bio-fortification of wheat varietiesHassan Ubaid ul0Khan Maarij1Younas Zohaib2Raja Naveed Iqbal3Mashwani Zia ur Rehman4Sohail5Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS)-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, PakistanDepartment of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS)-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, PakistanDepartment of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS)-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, PakistanDepartment of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS)-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, PakistanDepartment of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS)-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, PakistanInstitute of Biology/Plant Physiology, Humboldt-University Zü Berlin, 10115 Berlin, GermanyBio-fortification is a potential technique to tackle micronutrient deficiencies that remain. Wheat grain bio-fortification has the ability to decrease malnutrition because it represents one of the most essential staple crops. Bio-fortification is cost-effective and evidence-based sustainable technique to address malnutrition in wheat varieties possessing additional micronutrient contents. Nano-biofortification is a novel approach, enriching crops with essential nutrients in order to supplement human diets with balanced diets. The current study was designed to explore the potential role of phytogenic iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) to enhance nutritional contents in wheat plants to fulfill the nutrient deficiency important for human and animal health. In the current study, Fe-NPs were fabricated by using the extract of Mentha arvensis L. that were irregular in shape with an approximate size range of 40–100 nm. Further, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analyses were deployed to confirm the presence of t of various functional groups involved in the green and eco-friendly fabrication of Fe-NPs. The effects of phytogenic Fe-NPs were examined on various physiological and biochemical parameters such as total proline, total chlorophyll, carbohydrates, protein, crude fibers, and lipids contents. Moreover, wheat physiological and biochemical profiling was carried out, and it was noticed that Fe-NPs significantly altered the physico-biochemical profiling of wheat plants. Multiple methods of administration of Fe-NPs were used to fortify the wheat crop. However, the Fe-NPs assisted seed priming along with foliar applications at various concentrations (10, 20, and 30 mg·L−1) were found more suitable to enhance the contents of proline, Chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, carbohydrate, proteins, fibers, and lipids (20.22%, 18.23%, 17.25%, 16.32%, 12.34%, 24.31%, 19.52%, and 11.97%, respectively) in wheat plants. Further, wheat flour was exposed to digestive enzymes, with the iron content gradually increased in a dose-dependent manner. The nutritional analysis of wheat zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), yttrium (Y), and copper (Cu) and the fatty acid profile have demonstrated divergent patterns of behavior. Similarly, iron content was also increased significantly in response to the exposure to Fe-NPs.https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2023-8002green synthesisfe-npsnano-biofortificationiron nutrientwheat |
| spellingShingle | Hassan Ubaid ul Khan Maarij Younas Zohaib Raja Naveed Iqbal Mashwani Zia ur Rehman Sohail Effect of phytogenic iron nanoparticles on the bio-fortification of wheat varieties Green Processing and Synthesis green synthesis fe-nps nano-biofortification iron nutrient wheat |
| title | Effect of phytogenic iron nanoparticles on the bio-fortification of wheat varieties |
| title_full | Effect of phytogenic iron nanoparticles on the bio-fortification of wheat varieties |
| title_fullStr | Effect of phytogenic iron nanoparticles on the bio-fortification of wheat varieties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of phytogenic iron nanoparticles on the bio-fortification of wheat varieties |
| title_short | Effect of phytogenic iron nanoparticles on the bio-fortification of wheat varieties |
| title_sort | effect of phytogenic iron nanoparticles on the bio fortification of wheat varieties |
| topic | green synthesis fe-nps nano-biofortification iron nutrient wheat |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2023-8002 |
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