Fabrication of Carbon Nanofiber Incorporated with CuWO<sub>4</sub> for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 4-Nitrotoluene in Water Samples
In the current work, copper tungsten oxide (CuWO<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles are incorporated with carbon nanofiber (CNF) to form CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite through a facile hydrothermal method. The prepared CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> composite was applied to the...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5668 |
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| author | Ganesh Abinaya Meenakshi Subramanian Sakthinathan Te-Wei Chiu |
| author_facet | Ganesh Abinaya Meenakshi Subramanian Sakthinathan Te-Wei Chiu |
| author_sort | Ganesh Abinaya Meenakshi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the current work, copper tungsten oxide (CuWO<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles are incorporated with carbon nanofiber (CNF) to form CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite through a facile hydrothermal method. The prepared CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> composite was applied to the electrochemical detection of hazardous organic pollutants of 4-nitrotoluene (4-NT). The well-defined CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite is used as a modifier of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to form CuWO<sub>4</sub>/CNF/GCE electrode for the detection of 4-NT. The physicochemical properties of CNF, CuWO<sub>4</sub>, and CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite were examined by various characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction studies, field emission scanning electron microscopy, EDX-energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical detection of 4-NT was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) the differential pulse voltammetry detection technique (DPV). The aforementioned CNF, CuWO<sub>4</sub>, and CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> materials have better crystallinity with porous nature. The prepared CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite has better electrocatalytic ability compared to other materials such as CNF, and CuWO<sub>4</sub>. The CuWO<sub>4</sub>/CNF/GCE electrode exhibited remarkable sensitivity of 7.258 μA μM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>, a low limit of detection of 86.16 nM, and a long linear range of 0.2–100 μM. The CuWO<sub>4</sub>/CNF/GCE electrode exhibited distinguished selectivity, acceptable stability of about 90%, and well reproducibility. Meanwhile, the GCE/CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> electrode has been applied to real sample analysis with better recovery results of 91.51 to 97.10%. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:57:29Z |
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| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:57:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e4cbf88221fa44e0a422aa070bf64d382023-11-18T12:34:22ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-06-012312566810.3390/s23125668Fabrication of Carbon Nanofiber Incorporated with CuWO<sub>4</sub> for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 4-Nitrotoluene in Water SamplesGanesh Abinaya Meenakshi0Subramanian Sakthinathan1Te-Wei Chiu2Department of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, TaiwanDepartment of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, TaiwanDepartment of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, TaiwanIn the current work, copper tungsten oxide (CuWO<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles are incorporated with carbon nanofiber (CNF) to form CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite through a facile hydrothermal method. The prepared CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> composite was applied to the electrochemical detection of hazardous organic pollutants of 4-nitrotoluene (4-NT). The well-defined CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite is used as a modifier of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to form CuWO<sub>4</sub>/CNF/GCE electrode for the detection of 4-NT. The physicochemical properties of CNF, CuWO<sub>4</sub>, and CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite were examined by various characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction studies, field emission scanning electron microscopy, EDX-energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical detection of 4-NT was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) the differential pulse voltammetry detection technique (DPV). The aforementioned CNF, CuWO<sub>4</sub>, and CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> materials have better crystallinity with porous nature. The prepared CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite has better electrocatalytic ability compared to other materials such as CNF, and CuWO<sub>4</sub>. The CuWO<sub>4</sub>/CNF/GCE electrode exhibited remarkable sensitivity of 7.258 μA μM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>, a low limit of detection of 86.16 nM, and a long linear range of 0.2–100 μM. The CuWO<sub>4</sub>/CNF/GCE electrode exhibited distinguished selectivity, acceptable stability of about 90%, and well reproducibility. Meanwhile, the GCE/CNF/CuWO<sub>4</sub> electrode has been applied to real sample analysis with better recovery results of 91.51 to 97.10%.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5668CuWO<sub>4</sub>CNFelectrochemical sensor4-nitrotoluenereal sample analysis |
| spellingShingle | Ganesh Abinaya Meenakshi Subramanian Sakthinathan Te-Wei Chiu Fabrication of Carbon Nanofiber Incorporated with CuWO<sub>4</sub> for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 4-Nitrotoluene in Water Samples Sensors CuWO<sub>4</sub> CNF electrochemical sensor 4-nitrotoluene real sample analysis |
| title | Fabrication of Carbon Nanofiber Incorporated with CuWO<sub>4</sub> for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 4-Nitrotoluene in Water Samples |
| title_full | Fabrication of Carbon Nanofiber Incorporated with CuWO<sub>4</sub> for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 4-Nitrotoluene in Water Samples |
| title_fullStr | Fabrication of Carbon Nanofiber Incorporated with CuWO<sub>4</sub> for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 4-Nitrotoluene in Water Samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fabrication of Carbon Nanofiber Incorporated with CuWO<sub>4</sub> for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 4-Nitrotoluene in Water Samples |
| title_short | Fabrication of Carbon Nanofiber Incorporated with CuWO<sub>4</sub> for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of 4-Nitrotoluene in Water Samples |
| title_sort | fabrication of carbon nanofiber incorporated with cuwo sub 4 sub for sensitive electrochemical detection of 4 nitrotoluene in water samples |
| topic | CuWO<sub>4</sub> CNF electrochemical sensor 4-nitrotoluene real sample analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/12/5668 |
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