Soil Microbial Co-Occurrence Patterns under Controlled-Release Urea and Fulvic Acid Applications
The increasing amount of agricultural applications of controlled-release urea (CRU) and fulvic acids (FA) demands a better understanding of FA’s effects on microbially mediated nitrogen (N) nutrient cycling. Herein, a 0–60 day laboratory experiment and a consecutive pot experiment (2016–2018) were c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/9/1823 |
| _version_ | 1827658557197123584 |
|---|---|
| author | Zeli Li Kexin Zhang Lixue Qiu Shaowu Ding Huaili Wang Zhiguang Liu Min Zhang Zhanbo Wei |
| author_facet | Zeli Li Kexin Zhang Lixue Qiu Shaowu Ding Huaili Wang Zhiguang Liu Min Zhang Zhanbo Wei |
| author_sort | Zeli Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The increasing amount of agricultural applications of controlled-release urea (CRU) and fulvic acids (FA) demands a better understanding of FA’s effects on microbially mediated nitrogen (N) nutrient cycling. Herein, a 0–60 day laboratory experiment and a consecutive pot experiment (2016–2018) were carried out to reveal the effects of using CRU on soil microbial N-cycling processes and soil fertility, with and without the application of FA. Compared to the CRU treatment, the CRU+FA treatment boosted wheat yield by 22.1%. To reveal the mechanism of CRU+FA affecting the soil fertility, soil nutrient supply and microbial community were assessed and contrasted in this research. From 0–60 days, compared with the CRU treatment, leaching NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N content of CRU+FA was dramatically decreased by 12.7–84.2% in the 20 cm depth of soil column. Different fertilizers and the day of fertilization both have an impact on the soil microbiota. The most dominant bacterial phyla <i>Actinobacteria</i> and <i>Proteobacteria</i> were increased with CRU+FA treatment during 0–60 days. Network analysis revealed that microbial co-occurrence grew more intensive during the CRU+FA treatment, and the environmental change enhanced the microbial community. The CRU+FA treatment, in particular, significantly decreased the relative abundance of <i>Sphingomonas</i>, <i>Lysobacter</i> and <i>Nitrospira</i> associated with nitrification reactions, <i>Nocardioides</i> and <i>Gaiella</i> related to denitrification reactions. Meanwhile, the CRU+FA treatment grew the relative abundance of <i>Ensifer</i>, <i>Blastococcus</i>, and <i>Pseudolabrys</i> that function in N fixation, and then could reduce NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N leaching and improve the soil nutrient supply. In conclusion, the synergistic effects of slow nutrition release of CRU and growth promoting of FA could improve the soil microbial community of N cycle, reduce the loss of nutrients, and increase the wheat yield. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:06:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4d5b9d20775465ba5ec97638599e91d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:06:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4d5b9d20775465ba5ec97638599e91d2023-11-23T17:53:49ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-09-01109182310.3390/microorganisms10091823Soil Microbial Co-Occurrence Patterns under Controlled-Release Urea and Fulvic Acid ApplicationsZeli Li0Kexin Zhang1Lixue Qiu2Shaowu Ding3Huaili Wang4Zhiguang Liu5Min Zhang6Zhanbo Wei7National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Use of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and the Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Use of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and the Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Use of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and the Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, ChinaShandong Wanhao Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Jinan 251600, ChinaShandong Wanhao Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Jinan 251600, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Use of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and the Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, ChinaNational Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Use of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and the Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, ChinaInstitute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110000, ChinaThe increasing amount of agricultural applications of controlled-release urea (CRU) and fulvic acids (FA) demands a better understanding of FA’s effects on microbially mediated nitrogen (N) nutrient cycling. Herein, a 0–60 day laboratory experiment and a consecutive pot experiment (2016–2018) were carried out to reveal the effects of using CRU on soil microbial N-cycling processes and soil fertility, with and without the application of FA. Compared to the CRU treatment, the CRU+FA treatment boosted wheat yield by 22.1%. To reveal the mechanism of CRU+FA affecting the soil fertility, soil nutrient supply and microbial community were assessed and contrasted in this research. From 0–60 days, compared with the CRU treatment, leaching NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N content of CRU+FA was dramatically decreased by 12.7–84.2% in the 20 cm depth of soil column. Different fertilizers and the day of fertilization both have an impact on the soil microbiota. The most dominant bacterial phyla <i>Actinobacteria</i> and <i>Proteobacteria</i> were increased with CRU+FA treatment during 0–60 days. Network analysis revealed that microbial co-occurrence grew more intensive during the CRU+FA treatment, and the environmental change enhanced the microbial community. The CRU+FA treatment, in particular, significantly decreased the relative abundance of <i>Sphingomonas</i>, <i>Lysobacter</i> and <i>Nitrospira</i> associated with nitrification reactions, <i>Nocardioides</i> and <i>Gaiella</i> related to denitrification reactions. Meanwhile, the CRU+FA treatment grew the relative abundance of <i>Ensifer</i>, <i>Blastococcus</i>, and <i>Pseudolabrys</i> that function in N fixation, and then could reduce NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N leaching and improve the soil nutrient supply. In conclusion, the synergistic effects of slow nutrition release of CRU and growth promoting of FA could improve the soil microbial community of N cycle, reduce the loss of nutrients, and increase the wheat yield.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/9/1823nitrogensynergistsoil bacterial communitynutrition changeecological network |
| spellingShingle | Zeli Li Kexin Zhang Lixue Qiu Shaowu Ding Huaili Wang Zhiguang Liu Min Zhang Zhanbo Wei Soil Microbial Co-Occurrence Patterns under Controlled-Release Urea and Fulvic Acid Applications Microorganisms nitrogen synergist soil bacterial community nutrition change ecological network |
| title | Soil Microbial Co-Occurrence Patterns under Controlled-Release Urea and Fulvic Acid Applications |
| title_full | Soil Microbial Co-Occurrence Patterns under Controlled-Release Urea and Fulvic Acid Applications |
| title_fullStr | Soil Microbial Co-Occurrence Patterns under Controlled-Release Urea and Fulvic Acid Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil Microbial Co-Occurrence Patterns under Controlled-Release Urea and Fulvic Acid Applications |
| title_short | Soil Microbial Co-Occurrence Patterns under Controlled-Release Urea and Fulvic Acid Applications |
| title_sort | soil microbial co occurrence patterns under controlled release urea and fulvic acid applications |
| topic | nitrogen synergist soil bacterial community nutrition change ecological network |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/9/1823 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zelili soilmicrobialcooccurrencepatternsundercontrolledreleaseureaandfulvicacidapplications AT kexinzhang soilmicrobialcooccurrencepatternsundercontrolledreleaseureaandfulvicacidapplications AT lixueqiu soilmicrobialcooccurrencepatternsundercontrolledreleaseureaandfulvicacidapplications AT shaowuding soilmicrobialcooccurrencepatternsundercontrolledreleaseureaandfulvicacidapplications AT huailiwang soilmicrobialcooccurrencepatternsundercontrolledreleaseureaandfulvicacidapplications AT zhiguangliu soilmicrobialcooccurrencepatternsundercontrolledreleaseureaandfulvicacidapplications AT minzhang soilmicrobialcooccurrencepatternsundercontrolledreleaseureaandfulvicacidapplications AT zhanbowei soilmicrobialcooccurrencepatternsundercontrolledreleaseureaandfulvicacidapplications |