Low Frequency Giant Magneto-Impedance Effect of Co-Rich Ribbons Induced by Joule Annealing Treatment
The giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect of Co<sub>83.2</sub>Fe<sub>5.2</sub>Si<sub>8.8</sub>B<sub>2.8</sub> ribbons at frequencies of <1 MHz was analyzed. To improve the GMI response, a Joule annealing treatment was conducted with a direct current,...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| author | Shuling Zhang Zhiying Gan Weiye Chen Dawei Zhao |
| author_facet | Shuling Zhang Zhiying Gan Weiye Chen Dawei Zhao |
| author_sort | Shuling Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect of Co<sub>83.2</sub>Fe<sub>5.2</sub>Si<sub>8.8</sub>B<sub>2.8</sub> ribbons at frequencies of <1 MHz was analyzed. To improve the GMI response, a Joule annealing treatment was conducted with a direct current, and the domain structure of the ribbon surface was investigated via magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy. The annealed ribbons show larger impedance changes under external magnetic fields, and higher field sensitivity is obtained by certain current annealing treatments. The field sensitivity of 418 and 782%/(kA/m) at 0.2 MHz and 0.8 MHz are achieved after annealing at 0.8 A for 20 min. The annealing treatment under direct electric current induces stress relaxation, and domain rearrangement, and the crystallization process gradually increases with the increasing current density, which gives rise to anisotropic reformation. The release of stresses due to Joule heating below the crystallization temperature causes the homogenous distribution of stress induced by rapid solidification and influences the elastic anisotropy, causing the domain structures to become much more regular. The crystallization, along with the precipitation of hard magnetic phases, increases the crystal anisotropy and induces the intense magnetic coupling action. Consequently, the magnetic domains in the annealed ribbons are rearranged with reformed anisotropy by Joule annealing heat and by the transverse magnetic field induced by the current. The irregular domains, with complex anisotropy in the as-cast ribbons corresponding to the weak GMI response, are transformed into regular and strip-like domains, with transverse easy magnetization after annealing at 0.4 A. After annealing at 0.8 A, the domains are further transformed into fine axial fingerprint-like domains, which are much more sensitive to the change in the axial external magnetic field, allowing for the best GMI response. These results indicate that the Joule annealing treatment is an optional method to optimize the soft magnetic properties and the GMI effect of these Co-rich ribbons at low frequencies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:42:59Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:42:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
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| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4de7bf922d34650848c2db44d3a22b52023-11-30T23:29:43ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-12-011312810.3390/met13010028Low Frequency Giant Magneto-Impedance Effect of Co-Rich Ribbons Induced by Joule Annealing TreatmentShuling Zhang0Zhiying Gan1Weiye Chen2Dawei Zhao3School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, ChinaSchool of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaDepartment of Welding Engineering, Institution of Engineering and Technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, RussiaThe giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect of Co<sub>83.2</sub>Fe<sub>5.2</sub>Si<sub>8.8</sub>B<sub>2.8</sub> ribbons at frequencies of <1 MHz was analyzed. To improve the GMI response, a Joule annealing treatment was conducted with a direct current, and the domain structure of the ribbon surface was investigated via magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy. The annealed ribbons show larger impedance changes under external magnetic fields, and higher field sensitivity is obtained by certain current annealing treatments. The field sensitivity of 418 and 782%/(kA/m) at 0.2 MHz and 0.8 MHz are achieved after annealing at 0.8 A for 20 min. The annealing treatment under direct electric current induces stress relaxation, and domain rearrangement, and the crystallization process gradually increases with the increasing current density, which gives rise to anisotropic reformation. The release of stresses due to Joule heating below the crystallization temperature causes the homogenous distribution of stress induced by rapid solidification and influences the elastic anisotropy, causing the domain structures to become much more regular. The crystallization, along with the precipitation of hard magnetic phases, increases the crystal anisotropy and induces the intense magnetic coupling action. Consequently, the magnetic domains in the annealed ribbons are rearranged with reformed anisotropy by Joule annealing heat and by the transverse magnetic field induced by the current. The irregular domains, with complex anisotropy in the as-cast ribbons corresponding to the weak GMI response, are transformed into regular and strip-like domains, with transverse easy magnetization after annealing at 0.4 A. After annealing at 0.8 A, the domains are further transformed into fine axial fingerprint-like domains, which are much more sensitive to the change in the axial external magnetic field, allowing for the best GMI response. These results indicate that the Joule annealing treatment is an optional method to optimize the soft magnetic properties and the GMI effect of these Co-rich ribbons at low frequencies.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/1/28GMI effectdomain structuremagnetization processfield sensitivityCo-rich ribbon |
| spellingShingle | Shuling Zhang Zhiying Gan Weiye Chen Dawei Zhao Low Frequency Giant Magneto-Impedance Effect of Co-Rich Ribbons Induced by Joule Annealing Treatment Metals GMI effect domain structure magnetization process field sensitivity Co-rich ribbon |
| title | Low Frequency Giant Magneto-Impedance Effect of Co-Rich Ribbons Induced by Joule Annealing Treatment |
| title_full | Low Frequency Giant Magneto-Impedance Effect of Co-Rich Ribbons Induced by Joule Annealing Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Low Frequency Giant Magneto-Impedance Effect of Co-Rich Ribbons Induced by Joule Annealing Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low Frequency Giant Magneto-Impedance Effect of Co-Rich Ribbons Induced by Joule Annealing Treatment |
| title_short | Low Frequency Giant Magneto-Impedance Effect of Co-Rich Ribbons Induced by Joule Annealing Treatment |
| title_sort | low frequency giant magneto impedance effect of co rich ribbons induced by joule annealing treatment |
| topic | GMI effect domain structure magnetization process field sensitivity Co-rich ribbon |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/1/28 |
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