Compensation of Limited Bandwidth and Nonlinearity for Coherent Transponder
Coherent optical transponders are widely deployed in today’s long haul and metro optical networks using dense wavelength division multiplexing. To increase the data carrying capacity, the coherent transponder utilizes the high order modulation format and operates at a high baud rate. The l...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/9/1758 |
| _version_ | 1818558475549016064 |
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| author | Qiang Wang Yang Yue Jon Anderson |
| author_facet | Qiang Wang Yang Yue Jon Anderson |
| author_sort | Qiang Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coherent optical transponders are widely deployed in today’s long haul and metro optical networks using dense wavelength division multiplexing. To increase the data carrying capacity, the coherent transponder utilizes the high order modulation format and operates at a high baud rate. The limited bandwidth and the nonlinearity are two critical impairments for the coherent in-phase quadrature transmitter. These impairments can be mitigated by digital filters. However, to accurately determine the coefficients of these filters is difficult because the impairment from the limited bandwidth and the impairment from nonlinearity are coupled together. In this paper, we present a novel method to solve this problem. During the initial power-up, we apply a sinusoidal stimulus to the coherent IQ transmitter. We then scan the frequency and amplitude of the stimulus and monitor the output power. By curve-fitting with an accurate mathematical model, we determine the limited bandwidth, the nonlinearity, the power imbalance, and the bias point of the transponder simultaneously. Optimized coefficients of the digital filters are determined accordingly. Furthermore, we utilize a coherent IQ transponder and demonstrate that the limited bandwidth is improved by the finite impulse response filter, while nonlinearity is mitigated by the memoryless Volterra filter. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T00:12:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4e16c1d843e4bc58ad53a139539b5bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T00:12:58Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4e16c1d843e4bc58ad53a139539b5bf2022-12-21T23:25:41ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172019-04-0199175810.3390/app9091758app9091758Compensation of Limited Bandwidth and Nonlinearity for Coherent TransponderQiang Wang0Yang Yue1Jon Anderson2Juniper Networks, 1133 Innovation Way, Sunnyvale, CA 94089, USAJuniper Networks, 1133 Innovation Way, Sunnyvale, CA 94089, USAJuniper Networks, 1133 Innovation Way, Sunnyvale, CA 94089, USACoherent optical transponders are widely deployed in today’s long haul and metro optical networks using dense wavelength division multiplexing. To increase the data carrying capacity, the coherent transponder utilizes the high order modulation format and operates at a high baud rate. The limited bandwidth and the nonlinearity are two critical impairments for the coherent in-phase quadrature transmitter. These impairments can be mitigated by digital filters. However, to accurately determine the coefficients of these filters is difficult because the impairment from the limited bandwidth and the impairment from nonlinearity are coupled together. In this paper, we present a novel method to solve this problem. During the initial power-up, we apply a sinusoidal stimulus to the coherent IQ transmitter. We then scan the frequency and amplitude of the stimulus and monitor the output power. By curve-fitting with an accurate mathematical model, we determine the limited bandwidth, the nonlinearity, the power imbalance, and the bias point of the transponder simultaneously. Optimized coefficients of the digital filters are determined accordingly. Furthermore, we utilize a coherent IQ transponder and demonstrate that the limited bandwidth is improved by the finite impulse response filter, while nonlinearity is mitigated by the memoryless Volterra filter.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/9/1758coherent communicationoptical communicationpluggable module |
| spellingShingle | Qiang Wang Yang Yue Jon Anderson Compensation of Limited Bandwidth and Nonlinearity for Coherent Transponder Applied Sciences coherent communication optical communication pluggable module |
| title | Compensation of Limited Bandwidth and Nonlinearity for Coherent Transponder |
| title_full | Compensation of Limited Bandwidth and Nonlinearity for Coherent Transponder |
| title_fullStr | Compensation of Limited Bandwidth and Nonlinearity for Coherent Transponder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Compensation of Limited Bandwidth and Nonlinearity for Coherent Transponder |
| title_short | Compensation of Limited Bandwidth and Nonlinearity for Coherent Transponder |
| title_sort | compensation of limited bandwidth and nonlinearity for coherent transponder |
| topic | coherent communication optical communication pluggable module |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/9/9/1758 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT qiangwang compensationoflimitedbandwidthandnonlinearityforcoherenttransponder AT yangyue compensationoflimitedbandwidthandnonlinearityforcoherenttransponder AT jonanderson compensationoflimitedbandwidthandnonlinearityforcoherenttransponder |