Acetylcholine Mediates Dynamic Switching Between Information Coding Schemes in Neuronal Networks
Rate coding and phase coding are the two major coding modes seen in the brain. For these two modes, network dynamics must either have a wide distribution of frequencies for rate coding, or a narrow one to achieve stability in phase dynamics for phase coding. Acetylcholine (ACh) is a potent regulator...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnsys.2019.00064/full |
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| author | James P. Roach Bolaji Eniwaye Victoria Booth Victoria Booth Victoria Booth Leonard M. Sander Leonard M. Sander Michal R. Zochowski Michal R. Zochowski Michal R. Zochowski Michal R. Zochowski |
| author_facet | James P. Roach Bolaji Eniwaye Victoria Booth Victoria Booth Victoria Booth Leonard M. Sander Leonard M. Sander Michal R. Zochowski Michal R. Zochowski Michal R. Zochowski Michal R. Zochowski |
| author_sort | James P. Roach |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rate coding and phase coding are the two major coding modes seen in the brain. For these two modes, network dynamics must either have a wide distribution of frequencies for rate coding, or a narrow one to achieve stability in phase dynamics for phase coding. Acetylcholine (ACh) is a potent regulator of neural excitability. Acting through the muscarinic receptor, ACh reduces the magnitude of the potassium M-current, a hyperpolarizing current that builds up as neurons fire. The M-current contributes to several excitability features of neurons, becoming a major player in facilitating the transition between Type 1 (integrator) and Type 2 (resonator) excitability. In this paper we argue that this transition enables a dynamic switch between rate coding and phase coding as levels of ACh release change. When a network is in a high ACh state variations in synaptic inputs will lead to a wider distribution of firing rates across the network and this distribution will reflect the network structure or pattern of external input to the network. When ACh is low, network frequencies become narrowly distributed and the structure of a network or pattern of external inputs will be represented through phase relationships between firing neurons. This work provides insights into how modulation of neuronal features influences network dynamics and information processing across brain states. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T05:31:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4f44798da894a21b823b37c80608ebb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5137 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T05:31:36Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4f44798da894a21b823b37c80608ebb2022-12-21T17:58:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience1662-51372019-11-011310.3389/fnsys.2019.00064414765Acetylcholine Mediates Dynamic Switching Between Information Coding Schemes in Neuronal NetworksJames P. Roach0Bolaji Eniwaye1Victoria Booth2Victoria Booth3Victoria Booth4Leonard M. Sander5Leonard M. Sander6Michal R. Zochowski7Michal R. Zochowski8Michal R. Zochowski9Michal R. Zochowski10Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesNeuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesDepartment of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesCenter for the Study of Complex Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesNeuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesCenter for the Study of Complex Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesBiophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United StatesRate coding and phase coding are the two major coding modes seen in the brain. For these two modes, network dynamics must either have a wide distribution of frequencies for rate coding, or a narrow one to achieve stability in phase dynamics for phase coding. Acetylcholine (ACh) is a potent regulator of neural excitability. Acting through the muscarinic receptor, ACh reduces the magnitude of the potassium M-current, a hyperpolarizing current that builds up as neurons fire. The M-current contributes to several excitability features of neurons, becoming a major player in facilitating the transition between Type 1 (integrator) and Type 2 (resonator) excitability. In this paper we argue that this transition enables a dynamic switch between rate coding and phase coding as levels of ACh release change. When a network is in a high ACh state variations in synaptic inputs will lead to a wider distribution of firing rates across the network and this distribution will reflect the network structure or pattern of external input to the network. When ACh is low, network frequencies become narrowly distributed and the structure of a network or pattern of external inputs will be represented through phase relationships between firing neurons. This work provides insights into how modulation of neuronal features influences network dynamics and information processing across brain states.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnsys.2019.00064/fullacetylcholineneuronal excitabilityinformation codingneuromodulationnetworks |
| spellingShingle | James P. Roach Bolaji Eniwaye Victoria Booth Victoria Booth Victoria Booth Leonard M. Sander Leonard M. Sander Michal R. Zochowski Michal R. Zochowski Michal R. Zochowski Michal R. Zochowski Acetylcholine Mediates Dynamic Switching Between Information Coding Schemes in Neuronal Networks Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience acetylcholine neuronal excitability information coding neuromodulation networks |
| title | Acetylcholine Mediates Dynamic Switching Between Information Coding Schemes in Neuronal Networks |
| title_full | Acetylcholine Mediates Dynamic Switching Between Information Coding Schemes in Neuronal Networks |
| title_fullStr | Acetylcholine Mediates Dynamic Switching Between Information Coding Schemes in Neuronal Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acetylcholine Mediates Dynamic Switching Between Information Coding Schemes in Neuronal Networks |
| title_short | Acetylcholine Mediates Dynamic Switching Between Information Coding Schemes in Neuronal Networks |
| title_sort | acetylcholine mediates dynamic switching between information coding schemes in neuronal networks |
| topic | acetylcholine neuronal excitability information coding neuromodulation networks |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnsys.2019.00064/full |
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