Kidney Function, Age, and Education as Contributors to Depression and Anxiety in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is diagnosed in children younger than 18 years of age. Depression and anxiety are common, but not well understood in JSLE. We investigated the clinical and psychological factors associated with the psychological manifestations of JSLE. Twenty-nine JSLE pa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2254-9625/11/4/107 |
| _version_ | 1827672883138134016 |
|---|---|
| author | Margarida Figueiredo-Braga Beatriz Silva Sara Ganhão Francisca Aguiar Caleb Cornaby Iva Brito Brian D. Poole |
| author_facet | Margarida Figueiredo-Braga Beatriz Silva Sara Ganhão Francisca Aguiar Caleb Cornaby Iva Brito Brian D. Poole |
| author_sort | Margarida Figueiredo-Braga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is diagnosed in children younger than 18 years of age. Depression and anxiety are common, but not well understood in JSLE. We investigated the clinical and psychological factors associated with the psychological manifestations of JSLE. Twenty-nine JSLE patients were recruited for the study. Patients completed surveys evaluating their psychological status and perceptions about their health. Medical records were used to obtain laboratory results. The JSLE patient population was compared with adult-onset SLE (ASLE) patients and unaffected controls. Kidney involvement was associated with depression in the JSLE patients. The BUN levels, BUN/creatinine ratio, and leukocyturia were all significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Multivariate analysis found that the BUN/creatinine ratio was the most predictive value for both depression and anxiety. Depressive symptoms in JSLE were less pronounced than in ASLE, although anxiety was not different. Age and education are likely to be protective against depression in the JSLE patients. These findings may indicate that symptomatology is an important indicator of whether the patient needs psychiatric care. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:16:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4f83a2b2ed84858a6aa241bc018c219 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2174-8144 2254-9625 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:16:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4f83a2b2ed84858a6aa241bc018c2192023-11-23T08:00:47ZengMDPI AGEuropean Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education2174-81442254-96252021-11-011141503151510.3390/ejihpe11040107Kidney Function, Age, and Education as Contributors to Depression and Anxiety in Juvenile Systemic Lupus ErythematosusMargarida Figueiredo-Braga0Beatriz Silva1Sara Ganhão2Francisca Aguiar3Caleb Cornaby4Iva Brito5Brian D. Poole6Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, PortugalYoung Adult and Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Hospital de São João, 4200-319 Porto, PortugalYoung Adult and Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Hospital de São João, 4200-319 Porto, PortugalYoung Adult and Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Hospital de São João, 4200-319 Porto, PortugalDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USAFaculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, PortugalDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USAJuvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is diagnosed in children younger than 18 years of age. Depression and anxiety are common, but not well understood in JSLE. We investigated the clinical and psychological factors associated with the psychological manifestations of JSLE. Twenty-nine JSLE patients were recruited for the study. Patients completed surveys evaluating their psychological status and perceptions about their health. Medical records were used to obtain laboratory results. The JSLE patient population was compared with adult-onset SLE (ASLE) patients and unaffected controls. Kidney involvement was associated with depression in the JSLE patients. The BUN levels, BUN/creatinine ratio, and leukocyturia were all significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Multivariate analysis found that the BUN/creatinine ratio was the most predictive value for both depression and anxiety. Depressive symptoms in JSLE were less pronounced than in ASLE, although anxiety was not different. Age and education are likely to be protective against depression in the JSLE patients. These findings may indicate that symptomatology is an important indicator of whether the patient needs psychiatric care.https://www.mdpi.com/2254-9625/11/4/107juvenile systemic lupus erythematosuslupusnephritisdepressionanxietyautoimmune |
| spellingShingle | Margarida Figueiredo-Braga Beatriz Silva Sara Ganhão Francisca Aguiar Caleb Cornaby Iva Brito Brian D. Poole Kidney Function, Age, and Education as Contributors to Depression and Anxiety in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus lupus nephritis depression anxiety autoimmune |
| title | Kidney Function, Age, and Education as Contributors to Depression and Anxiety in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_full | Kidney Function, Age, and Education as Contributors to Depression and Anxiety in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_fullStr | Kidney Function, Age, and Education as Contributors to Depression and Anxiety in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kidney Function, Age, and Education as Contributors to Depression and Anxiety in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_short | Kidney Function, Age, and Education as Contributors to Depression and Anxiety in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_sort | kidney function age and education as contributors to depression and anxiety in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus |
| topic | juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus lupus nephritis depression anxiety autoimmune |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2254-9625/11/4/107 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT margaridafigueiredobraga kidneyfunctionageandeducationascontributorstodepressionandanxietyinjuvenilesystemiclupuserythematosus AT beatrizsilva kidneyfunctionageandeducationascontributorstodepressionandanxietyinjuvenilesystemiclupuserythematosus AT saraganhao kidneyfunctionageandeducationascontributorstodepressionandanxietyinjuvenilesystemiclupuserythematosus AT franciscaaguiar kidneyfunctionageandeducationascontributorstodepressionandanxietyinjuvenilesystemiclupuserythematosus AT calebcornaby kidneyfunctionageandeducationascontributorstodepressionandanxietyinjuvenilesystemiclupuserythematosus AT ivabrito kidneyfunctionageandeducationascontributorstodepressionandanxietyinjuvenilesystemiclupuserythematosus AT briandpoole kidneyfunctionageandeducationascontributorstodepressionandanxietyinjuvenilesystemiclupuserythematosus |