Assessment of symptom induction via artificial inoculation of the obligate biotrophic fungus Phyllachora maydis (Maubl.) on corn leaves
Abstract Objective Tar spot is a foliar disease of corn caused by Phyllachora maydis, which produces signs in the form of stromata that bear conidia and ascospores. Phyllachora maydis cannot be cultured in media; therefore, the inoculum source for studying tar spot comprises leaves with stromata col...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Research Notes |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-023-06341-y |
| _version_ | 1797832257031897088 |
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| author | Carlos Góngora-Canul Fidel E. Jiménez-Beitia Carlos Puerto-Hernández Mavir Carolina Avellaneda C. Nathan Kleczewski Darcy E. P. Telenko Sujoung Shim José E. Solórzano Stephen B. Goodwin Steven R. Scofield C. D. Cruz |
| author_facet | Carlos Góngora-Canul Fidel E. Jiménez-Beitia Carlos Puerto-Hernández Mavir Carolina Avellaneda C. Nathan Kleczewski Darcy E. P. Telenko Sujoung Shim José E. Solórzano Stephen B. Goodwin Steven R. Scofield C. D. Cruz |
| author_sort | Carlos Góngora-Canul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective Tar spot is a foliar disease of corn caused by Phyllachora maydis, which produces signs in the form of stromata that bear conidia and ascospores. Phyllachora maydis cannot be cultured in media; therefore, the inoculum source for studying tar spot comprises leaves with stromata collected from naturally infected plants. Currently, there is no effective protocol to induce infection under controlled conditions. In this study, an inoculation method was assessed under greenhouse and growth chamber conditions to test whether stromata of P. maydis could be induced on corn leaves. Results Experiments resulted in incubation periods ranging between 18 and 20 days and stromata development at the beginning of corn growth stage VT-R1 (silk). The induced stromata of P. maydis were confirmed by microscopy, PCR, or both. From thirteen experiments conducted, four (31%) resulted in the successful production of stromata. Statistical analyses indicate that if an experiment is conducted, there are equal chances of obtaining successful or unsuccessful infections. The information from this study will be valuable for developing more reliable P. maydis inoculation methods in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:05:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e4f9b43c81b940dab416fbcdf2c2e43e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-0500 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:05:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Research Notes |
| spelling | doaj.art-e4f9b43c81b940dab416fbcdf2c2e43e2023-05-07T11:04:28ZengBMCBMC Research Notes1756-05002023-05-011611810.1186/s13104-023-06341-yAssessment of symptom induction via artificial inoculation of the obligate biotrophic fungus Phyllachora maydis (Maubl.) on corn leavesCarlos Góngora-Canul0Fidel E. Jiménez-Beitia1Carlos Puerto-Hernández2Mavir Carolina Avellaneda C.3Nathan Kleczewski4Darcy E. P. Telenko5Sujoung Shim6José E. Solórzano7Stephen B. Goodwin8Steven R. Scofield9C. D. Cruz10Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue UniversityDepartment of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue UniversityEscuela Agrícola Panamericana ZamoranoEscuela Agrícola Panamericana ZamoranoDepartment of Crop Science, University of IllinoisDepartment of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue UniversityDepartment of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue UniversityDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of MinnesotaDepartment of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue UniversityCrop Production and Pest Control Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research ServiceDepartment of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue UniversityAbstract Objective Tar spot is a foliar disease of corn caused by Phyllachora maydis, which produces signs in the form of stromata that bear conidia and ascospores. Phyllachora maydis cannot be cultured in media; therefore, the inoculum source for studying tar spot comprises leaves with stromata collected from naturally infected plants. Currently, there is no effective protocol to induce infection under controlled conditions. In this study, an inoculation method was assessed under greenhouse and growth chamber conditions to test whether stromata of P. maydis could be induced on corn leaves. Results Experiments resulted in incubation periods ranging between 18 and 20 days and stromata development at the beginning of corn growth stage VT-R1 (silk). The induced stromata of P. maydis were confirmed by microscopy, PCR, or both. From thirteen experiments conducted, four (31%) resulted in the successful production of stromata. Statistical analyses indicate that if an experiment is conducted, there are equal chances of obtaining successful or unsuccessful infections. The information from this study will be valuable for developing more reliable P. maydis inoculation methods in the future.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-023-06341-yCornInductionMaizePhyllachora maydisSignsStromata |
| spellingShingle | Carlos Góngora-Canul Fidel E. Jiménez-Beitia Carlos Puerto-Hernández Mavir Carolina Avellaneda C. Nathan Kleczewski Darcy E. P. Telenko Sujoung Shim José E. Solórzano Stephen B. Goodwin Steven R. Scofield C. D. Cruz Assessment of symptom induction via artificial inoculation of the obligate biotrophic fungus Phyllachora maydis (Maubl.) on corn leaves BMC Research Notes Corn Induction Maize Phyllachora maydis Signs Stromata |
| title | Assessment of symptom induction via artificial inoculation of the obligate biotrophic fungus Phyllachora maydis (Maubl.) on corn leaves |
| title_full | Assessment of symptom induction via artificial inoculation of the obligate biotrophic fungus Phyllachora maydis (Maubl.) on corn leaves |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of symptom induction via artificial inoculation of the obligate biotrophic fungus Phyllachora maydis (Maubl.) on corn leaves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of symptom induction via artificial inoculation of the obligate biotrophic fungus Phyllachora maydis (Maubl.) on corn leaves |
| title_short | Assessment of symptom induction via artificial inoculation of the obligate biotrophic fungus Phyllachora maydis (Maubl.) on corn leaves |
| title_sort | assessment of symptom induction via artificial inoculation of the obligate biotrophic fungus phyllachora maydis maubl on corn leaves |
| topic | Corn Induction Maize Phyllachora maydis Signs Stromata |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-023-06341-y |
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