Non-Destructive Estimation of Total Chlorophyll Content of Apple Fruit Based on Color Feature, Spectral Data and the Most Effective Wavelengths Using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network—Imperialist Competitive Algorithm
Non-destructive assessment of the physicochemical properties of food products, especially fruits, makes it possible to examine the internal quality without any damage. This is applicable at different stages of fruit growth, harvesting stage, and storage as well as at the market stage. In this regard...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-11-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1547 |
| _version_ | 1827702437013618688 |
|---|---|
| author | Razieh Pourdarbani Sajad Sabzi Mario Hernández-Hernández José Luis Hernández-Hernández Iván Gallardo-Bernal Israel Herrera-Miranda |
| author_facet | Razieh Pourdarbani Sajad Sabzi Mario Hernández-Hernández José Luis Hernández-Hernández Iván Gallardo-Bernal Israel Herrera-Miranda |
| author_sort | Razieh Pourdarbani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-destructive assessment of the physicochemical properties of food products, especially fruits, makes it possible to examine the internal quality without any damage. This is applicable at different stages of fruit growth, harvesting stage, and storage as well as at the market stage. In this regard, the present study aimed to estimate the total chlorophyll content using three types of data: color data, spectral data, and spectral data related to the most effective wavelengths. The most important steps of the proposed algorithms include extracting spectral and color data from each sample of Fuji cultivar apple, selecting the most effective wavelengths at the range of 660–720 nm using hybrid artificial neural network–particle swarm optimization (ANN-PSO), non-destructive assessment of the chemical property of total chlorophyll content based on color data, and spectral data using hybrid artificial neural network-Imperialist competitive algorithm (ANN-ICA). In order to assess the reliability of the hybrid ANN-ICA, 1000 iterations were performed after selecting the optimal structure of the artificial neural network. According to the results, in the best training mode and using spectral data and the most effective wavelength, total chlorophyll content was predicted with the R2 and RMSE of 0.991 and 0.0035, 0.997 and 0.001, 0.997 and 0.0006, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:55:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e50350fb25a148aa89e5853979c31ea0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:55:23Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-e50350fb25a148aa89e5853979c31ea02023-11-20T20:39:43ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-11-01911154710.3390/plants9111547Non-Destructive Estimation of Total Chlorophyll Content of Apple Fruit Based on Color Feature, Spectral Data and the Most Effective Wavelengths Using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network—Imperialist Competitive AlgorithmRazieh Pourdarbani0Sajad Sabzi1Mario Hernández-Hernández2José Luis Hernández-Hernández3Iván Gallardo-Bernal4Israel Herrera-Miranda5Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, IranDepartment of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, IranFaculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39087, MexicoFaculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39087, MexicoHigher School of Government and Public Management, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39087, MexicoGovernment and Public Management Faculty, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero 39087, MexicoNon-destructive assessment of the physicochemical properties of food products, especially fruits, makes it possible to examine the internal quality without any damage. This is applicable at different stages of fruit growth, harvesting stage, and storage as well as at the market stage. In this regard, the present study aimed to estimate the total chlorophyll content using three types of data: color data, spectral data, and spectral data related to the most effective wavelengths. The most important steps of the proposed algorithms include extracting spectral and color data from each sample of Fuji cultivar apple, selecting the most effective wavelengths at the range of 660–720 nm using hybrid artificial neural network–particle swarm optimization (ANN-PSO), non-destructive assessment of the chemical property of total chlorophyll content based on color data, and spectral data using hybrid artificial neural network-Imperialist competitive algorithm (ANN-ICA). In order to assess the reliability of the hybrid ANN-ICA, 1000 iterations were performed after selecting the optimal structure of the artificial neural network. According to the results, in the best training mode and using spectral data and the most effective wavelength, total chlorophyll content was predicted with the R2 and RMSE of 0.991 and 0.0035, 0.997 and 0.001, 0.997 and 0.0006, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1547non-destructive estimationapplesspectroscopyANNICA algorithmPSO algorithm |
| spellingShingle | Razieh Pourdarbani Sajad Sabzi Mario Hernández-Hernández José Luis Hernández-Hernández Iván Gallardo-Bernal Israel Herrera-Miranda Non-Destructive Estimation of Total Chlorophyll Content of Apple Fruit Based on Color Feature, Spectral Data and the Most Effective Wavelengths Using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network—Imperialist Competitive Algorithm Plants non-destructive estimation apples spectroscopy ANN ICA algorithm PSO algorithm |
| title | Non-Destructive Estimation of Total Chlorophyll Content of Apple Fruit Based on Color Feature, Spectral Data and the Most Effective Wavelengths Using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network—Imperialist Competitive Algorithm |
| title_full | Non-Destructive Estimation of Total Chlorophyll Content of Apple Fruit Based on Color Feature, Spectral Data and the Most Effective Wavelengths Using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network—Imperialist Competitive Algorithm |
| title_fullStr | Non-Destructive Estimation of Total Chlorophyll Content of Apple Fruit Based on Color Feature, Spectral Data and the Most Effective Wavelengths Using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network—Imperialist Competitive Algorithm |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Destructive Estimation of Total Chlorophyll Content of Apple Fruit Based on Color Feature, Spectral Data and the Most Effective Wavelengths Using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network—Imperialist Competitive Algorithm |
| title_short | Non-Destructive Estimation of Total Chlorophyll Content of Apple Fruit Based on Color Feature, Spectral Data and the Most Effective Wavelengths Using Hybrid Artificial Neural Network—Imperialist Competitive Algorithm |
| title_sort | non destructive estimation of total chlorophyll content of apple fruit based on color feature spectral data and the most effective wavelengths using hybrid artificial neural network imperialist competitive algorithm |
| topic | non-destructive estimation apples spectroscopy ANN ICA algorithm PSO algorithm |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1547 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT raziehpourdarbani nondestructiveestimationoftotalchlorophyllcontentofapplefruitbasedoncolorfeaturespectraldataandthemosteffectivewavelengthsusinghybridartificialneuralnetworkimperialistcompetitivealgorithm AT sajadsabzi nondestructiveestimationoftotalchlorophyllcontentofapplefruitbasedoncolorfeaturespectraldataandthemosteffectivewavelengthsusinghybridartificialneuralnetworkimperialistcompetitivealgorithm AT mariohernandezhernandez nondestructiveestimationoftotalchlorophyllcontentofapplefruitbasedoncolorfeaturespectraldataandthemosteffectivewavelengthsusinghybridartificialneuralnetworkimperialistcompetitivealgorithm AT joseluishernandezhernandez nondestructiveestimationoftotalchlorophyllcontentofapplefruitbasedoncolorfeaturespectraldataandthemosteffectivewavelengthsusinghybridartificialneuralnetworkimperialistcompetitivealgorithm AT ivangallardobernal nondestructiveestimationoftotalchlorophyllcontentofapplefruitbasedoncolorfeaturespectraldataandthemosteffectivewavelengthsusinghybridartificialneuralnetworkimperialistcompetitivealgorithm AT israelherreramiranda nondestructiveestimationoftotalchlorophyllcontentofapplefruitbasedoncolorfeaturespectraldataandthemosteffectivewavelengthsusinghybridartificialneuralnetworkimperialistcompetitivealgorithm |