Low-Rate Denial-of-Service Attack Detection: Defense Strategy Based on Spectral Estimation for CV-QKD
Although continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) systems have unconditional security in theory, there are still many cyber attacking strategies proposed that exploit the loopholes of hardware devices and algorithms. At present, few studies have focused on attacks using algorithm vulnera...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Photonics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/9/6/365 |
| _version_ | 1797483230264295424 |
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| author | Enze Dai Duan Huang Ling Zhang |
| author_facet | Enze Dai Duan Huang Ling Zhang |
| author_sort | Enze Dai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) systems have unconditional security in theory, there are still many cyber attacking strategies proposed that exploit the loopholes of hardware devices and algorithms. At present, few studies have focused on attacks using algorithm vulnerabilities. The low-rate denial-of-service (LDoS) attack is precisely an algorithm-loophole based hacking strategy, which attacks by manipulating a channel’s transmittance <i>T</i>. In this paper, we take advantage of the feature that the power spectral density (PSD) of LDoS attacks in low frequency band is higher than normal traffic’s to detect whether there are LDoS attacks. We put forward a detection method based on the Bartlett spectral estimation approach and discuss its feasibility from two aspects, the estimation consistency and the detection accuracy. Our experiment results demonstrate that the method can effectively detect LDoS attacks and maintain the consistency of estimation. In addition, compared with the traditional method based on the wavelet transform and Hurst index estimations, our method has higher detection accuracy and stronger pertinence. We anticipate our method may provide an insight into how to detect an LDoS attack in a CVQKD system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:45:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e503d2f893de46148c453c878ed94f6b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:45:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-e503d2f893de46148c453c878ed94f6b2023-11-23T18:32:24ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322022-05-019636510.3390/photonics9060365Low-Rate Denial-of-Service Attack Detection: Defense Strategy Based on Spectral Estimation for CV-QKDEnze Dai0Duan Huang1Ling Zhang2School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaSchool of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, ChinaAlthough continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) systems have unconditional security in theory, there are still many cyber attacking strategies proposed that exploit the loopholes of hardware devices and algorithms. At present, few studies have focused on attacks using algorithm vulnerabilities. The low-rate denial-of-service (LDoS) attack is precisely an algorithm-loophole based hacking strategy, which attacks by manipulating a channel’s transmittance <i>T</i>. In this paper, we take advantage of the feature that the power spectral density (PSD) of LDoS attacks in low frequency band is higher than normal traffic’s to detect whether there are LDoS attacks. We put forward a detection method based on the Bartlett spectral estimation approach and discuss its feasibility from two aspects, the estimation consistency and the detection accuracy. Our experiment results demonstrate that the method can effectively detect LDoS attacks and maintain the consistency of estimation. In addition, compared with the traditional method based on the wavelet transform and Hurst index estimations, our method has higher detection accuracy and stronger pertinence. We anticipate our method may provide an insight into how to detect an LDoS attack in a CVQKD system.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/9/6/365CVQKDLDoS attackspectral estimation |
| spellingShingle | Enze Dai Duan Huang Ling Zhang Low-Rate Denial-of-Service Attack Detection: Defense Strategy Based on Spectral Estimation for CV-QKD Photonics CVQKD LDoS attack spectral estimation |
| title | Low-Rate Denial-of-Service Attack Detection: Defense Strategy Based on Spectral Estimation for CV-QKD |
| title_full | Low-Rate Denial-of-Service Attack Detection: Defense Strategy Based on Spectral Estimation for CV-QKD |
| title_fullStr | Low-Rate Denial-of-Service Attack Detection: Defense Strategy Based on Spectral Estimation for CV-QKD |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low-Rate Denial-of-Service Attack Detection: Defense Strategy Based on Spectral Estimation for CV-QKD |
| title_short | Low-Rate Denial-of-Service Attack Detection: Defense Strategy Based on Spectral Estimation for CV-QKD |
| title_sort | low rate denial of service attack detection defense strategy based on spectral estimation for cv qkd |
| topic | CVQKD LDoS attack spectral estimation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/9/6/365 |
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