Case of Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Developed Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis after COVID-19 Infection
In children, prolonged primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection or reactivation may lead to the development of T or natural killer cell lymphoproliferative disorders, classified as chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). CAEBV is a prolonged systemic illness lasting beyond three months, with elevate...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.15264/cpho.2023.30.2.80 |
| _version_ | 1827776468889894912 |
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| author | Sumin Jo Hye Lim Jung Sooyeon Lim Eun Sil Kim Aram Yang Ji Hee Kwak Deok Soo Kim Jung Yeon Shim Jae Won Shim |
| author_facet | Sumin Jo Hye Lim Jung Sooyeon Lim Eun Sil Kim Aram Yang Ji Hee Kwak Deok Soo Kim Jung Yeon Shim Jae Won Shim |
| author_sort | Sumin Jo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In children, prolonged primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection or reactivation may lead to the development of T or natural killer cell lymphoproliferative disorders, classified as chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). CAEBV is a prolonged systemic illness lasting beyond three months, with elevated EBV DNA levels in the serum or affected tissue and a lack of underlying immunodeficiency. Notably, EBV is the most common virus that induces secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been reported to trigger HLH. We present the case of a 20-year-old Korean male who was diagnosed with CAEBV and developed HLH after being infected with COVID-19. The patient met 7 out of 8 criteria for HLH. Following treatment with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, the patient recovered from HLH without additional chemotherapy. HLH treatment should be tailored to each patient based on clinical presentation and disease severity. Prolonged and regular evaluation for developing HLH or lymphoma is necessary for patients with CAEBV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T14:05:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e5084756b8114e5dae82633b2ddf8619 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2233-5250 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T14:05:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | The Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e5084756b8114e5dae82633b2ddf86192023-11-02T02:40:58ZengThe Korean Society of Pediatric Hematology-OncologyClinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology2233-52502023-10-01302808410.15264/cpho.2023.30.2.80cpho.2023.30.2.80Case of Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Developed Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis after COVID-19 InfectionSumin Jo0Hye Lim Jung1Sooyeon Lim2Eun Sil Kim3Aram Yang4Ji Hee Kwak5Deok Soo Kim6Jung Yeon Shim7Jae Won Shim8Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaIn children, prolonged primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection or reactivation may lead to the development of T or natural killer cell lymphoproliferative disorders, classified as chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). CAEBV is a prolonged systemic illness lasting beyond three months, with elevated EBV DNA levels in the serum or affected tissue and a lack of underlying immunodeficiency. Notably, EBV is the most common virus that induces secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been reported to trigger HLH. We present the case of a 20-year-old Korean male who was diagnosed with CAEBV and developed HLH after being infected with COVID-19. The patient met 7 out of 8 criteria for HLH. Following treatment with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin, the patient recovered from HLH without additional chemotherapy. HLH treatment should be tailored to each patient based on clinical presentation and disease severity. Prolonged and regular evaluation for developing HLH or lymphoma is necessary for patients with CAEBV.https://doi.org/10.15264/cpho.2023.30.2.80epstein-barr virus infectionschronic active epstein-barr virus infectionhemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosiscovid-19 |
| spellingShingle | Sumin Jo Hye Lim Jung Sooyeon Lim Eun Sil Kim Aram Yang Ji Hee Kwak Deok Soo Kim Jung Yeon Shim Jae Won Shim Case of Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Developed Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis after COVID-19 Infection Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology epstein-barr virus infections chronic active epstein-barr virus infection hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis covid-19 |
| title | Case of Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Developed Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis after COVID-19 Infection |
| title_full | Case of Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Developed Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis after COVID-19 Infection |
| title_fullStr | Case of Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Developed Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis after COVID-19 Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Case of Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Developed Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis after COVID-19 Infection |
| title_short | Case of Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Developed Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis after COVID-19 Infection |
| title_sort | case of chronic active epstein barr virus infection developed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis after covid 19 infection |
| topic | epstein-barr virus infections chronic active epstein-barr virus infection hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis covid-19 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.15264/cpho.2023.30.2.80 |
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