The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities
This is our second article devoted to the cardiac myoarchitecture considered as a nematic chiral liquid crystal (NCLC). While the first article focused on the myoarchitecture of the left ventricle (LV), this new article extends to the whole ventricular mass and introduces the concept of disclination...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/11/371 |
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| author | Johanne Auriau Yves Usson Pierre-Simon Jouk |
| author_facet | Johanne Auriau Yves Usson Pierre-Simon Jouk |
| author_sort | Johanne Auriau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This is our second article devoted to the cardiac myoarchitecture considered as a nematic chiral liquid crystal (NCLC). While the first article focused on the myoarchitecture of the left ventricle (LV), this new article extends to the whole ventricular mass and introduces the concept of disclinations and topological singularities, which characterize the differences and relationships between the left and right ventricles (RV). At the level of the ventricular apices, we constantly observed a vortex shape at the LV apex, corresponding, in the terminology of liquid crystals, to a “+1 disclination”; we never observed this at the RV apex. At the level of the interventricular septum (IVS), we identified “−1/2 disclinations” at the anterior and posterior parts. During the perinatal period, there was a significant difference in their distribution, with more “−1/2 disclinations” in the posterior part of the IVS. After birth, concomitant to major physiological changes, the number of “−1/2 disclinations” significantly decreased, both in the anterior and posterior parts of the IVS. Finally, the description of the disclinations must be considered in any attempt to segment the whole ventricular mass, in biomechanical studies, and, more generally, for the characterization of myocardial remodeling. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:59:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e50bf4599cdc44b9b6e5c9e7cf9bbcf6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2308-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:59:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-e50bf4599cdc44b9b6e5c9e7cf9bbcf62023-11-24T05:14:03ZengMDPI AGJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease2308-34252022-10-0191137110.3390/jcdd9110371The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological SingularitiesJohanne Auriau0Yves Usson1Pierre-Simon Jouk2Equipe Biologie Computationnelle et Mathématique, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgroSup, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, FranceEquipe Biologie Computationnelle et Mathématique, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgroSup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, FranceEquipe Biologie Computationnelle et Mathématique, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgroSup, Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, 38000 Grenoble, FranceThis is our second article devoted to the cardiac myoarchitecture considered as a nematic chiral liquid crystal (NCLC). While the first article focused on the myoarchitecture of the left ventricle (LV), this new article extends to the whole ventricular mass and introduces the concept of disclinations and topological singularities, which characterize the differences and relationships between the left and right ventricles (RV). At the level of the ventricular apices, we constantly observed a vortex shape at the LV apex, corresponding, in the terminology of liquid crystals, to a “+1 disclination”; we never observed this at the RV apex. At the level of the interventricular septum (IVS), we identified “−1/2 disclinations” at the anterior and posterior parts. During the perinatal period, there was a significant difference in their distribution, with more “−1/2 disclinations” in the posterior part of the IVS. After birth, concomitant to major physiological changes, the number of “−1/2 disclinations” significantly decreased, both in the anterior and posterior parts of the IVS. Finally, the description of the disclinations must be considered in any attempt to segment the whole ventricular mass, in biomechanical studies, and, more generally, for the characterization of myocardial remodeling.https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/11/371anatomycardiac myoarchitecturegeometrytopologyliquid crystaldisclination |
| spellingShingle | Johanne Auriau Yves Usson Pierre-Simon Jouk The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease anatomy cardiac myoarchitecture geometry topology liquid crystal disclination |
| title | The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
| title_full | The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
| title_fullStr | The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
| title_short | The Nematic Chiral Liquid Crystal Structure of the Cardiac Myoarchitecture: Disclinations and Topological Singularities |
| title_sort | nematic chiral liquid crystal structure of the cardiac myoarchitecture disclinations and topological singularities |
| topic | anatomy cardiac myoarchitecture geometry topology liquid crystal disclination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/9/11/371 |
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