Phytochemical Characterization of <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. Aril with Emphasis on Evaluation of the Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Rhodoxanthin
<i>Taxus baccata</i> L., an evergreen tree, was known until recently due to its high concentration of toxic compounds. The purpose of the present study was to focus on the only non-poisonous part, the red arils, which have recently been described as an important source of various bioacti...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/6/1039 |
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| author | Daria-Antonia Dumitraş Andrea Bunea Dan Cristian Vodnar Daniela Hanganu Emoke Pall Mihai Cenariu Adrian Florin Gal Sanda Andrei |
| author_facet | Daria-Antonia Dumitraş Andrea Bunea Dan Cristian Vodnar Daniela Hanganu Emoke Pall Mihai Cenariu Adrian Florin Gal Sanda Andrei |
| author_sort | Daria-Antonia Dumitraş |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Taxus baccata</i> L., an evergreen tree, was known until recently due to its high concentration of toxic compounds. The purpose of the present study was to focus on the only non-poisonous part, the red arils, which have recently been described as an important source of various bioactive constituents. To establish total phenolic, flavonoid, and carotenoid content, antioxidant capacity, and cytotoxic properties, two types of extracts were obtained. The chemical profile of the ethanolic extract was evaluated using chromatographic (HPLC-DAD-ESI+) and spectral (UV-Vis) methods, and the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract was assessed using DPPH and FRAP assays, yielding moderate results. In the second type of extract (methanol: ethyl acetate: petroleum ether (1:1:1, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>)) we identified three carotenoids using open column chromatography and RP–PAD–HPLC, with rhodoxanthin being the most abundant. Considering the above and mainly because of the lack of information in the literature about this pigment and its biological effects, we decided to further investigate the cytotoxic activity of rhodoxanthin, the main carotenoid presented in aril, and its protective effect against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative stress using two cell lines: human HaCaT keratinocytes and B16F10 murine malignant melanoma. The MTT and Annexin-V Apoptosis assays showed a substantial cytotoxic potential expressed in a dose-dependent manner towards the melanoma cell line, however, no obvious cytotoxic effects on human keratinocytes were noticed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:35:53Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:35:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-e50fc55bf7364d3bb707efb62f7657662023-11-23T15:18:30ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212022-05-01116103910.3390/antiox11061039Phytochemical Characterization of <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. Aril with Emphasis on Evaluation of the Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activity of RhodoxanthinDaria-Antonia Dumitraş0Andrea Bunea1Dan Cristian Vodnar2Daniela Hanganu3Emoke Pall4Mihai Cenariu5Adrian Florin Gal6Sanda Andrei7Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Haţieganu”, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Clinical Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania<i>Taxus baccata</i> L., an evergreen tree, was known until recently due to its high concentration of toxic compounds. The purpose of the present study was to focus on the only non-poisonous part, the red arils, which have recently been described as an important source of various bioactive constituents. To establish total phenolic, flavonoid, and carotenoid content, antioxidant capacity, and cytotoxic properties, two types of extracts were obtained. The chemical profile of the ethanolic extract was evaluated using chromatographic (HPLC-DAD-ESI+) and spectral (UV-Vis) methods, and the antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract was assessed using DPPH and FRAP assays, yielding moderate results. In the second type of extract (methanol: ethyl acetate: petroleum ether (1:1:1, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>/<i>v</i>)) we identified three carotenoids using open column chromatography and RP–PAD–HPLC, with rhodoxanthin being the most abundant. Considering the above and mainly because of the lack of information in the literature about this pigment and its biological effects, we decided to further investigate the cytotoxic activity of rhodoxanthin, the main carotenoid presented in aril, and its protective effect against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced oxidative stress using two cell lines: human HaCaT keratinocytes and B16F10 murine malignant melanoma. The MTT and Annexin-V Apoptosis assays showed a substantial cytotoxic potential expressed in a dose-dependent manner towards the melanoma cell line, however, no obvious cytotoxic effects on human keratinocytes were noticed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/6/1039<i>Taxus baccata</i> L. arilsphenolic compoundscarotenoidsrhodoxanthinantioxidant activitycytotoxicity |
| spellingShingle | Daria-Antonia Dumitraş Andrea Bunea Dan Cristian Vodnar Daniela Hanganu Emoke Pall Mihai Cenariu Adrian Florin Gal Sanda Andrei Phytochemical Characterization of <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. Aril with Emphasis on Evaluation of the Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Rhodoxanthin Antioxidants <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. arils phenolic compounds carotenoids rhodoxanthin antioxidant activity cytotoxicity |
| title | Phytochemical Characterization of <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. Aril with Emphasis on Evaluation of the Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Rhodoxanthin |
| title_full | Phytochemical Characterization of <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. Aril with Emphasis on Evaluation of the Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Rhodoxanthin |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemical Characterization of <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. Aril with Emphasis on Evaluation of the Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Rhodoxanthin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemical Characterization of <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. Aril with Emphasis on Evaluation of the Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Rhodoxanthin |
| title_short | Phytochemical Characterization of <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. Aril with Emphasis on Evaluation of the Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Activity of Rhodoxanthin |
| title_sort | phytochemical characterization of i taxus baccata i l aril with emphasis on evaluation of the antiproliferative and pro apoptotic activity of rhodoxanthin |
| topic | <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. arils phenolic compounds carotenoids rhodoxanthin antioxidant activity cytotoxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/6/1039 |
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