A case‐control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in Arabian foals
Abstract Background Upper respiratory disease was reported over many seasons in Arabian foals on a single stud farm in the Middle East. Affected foals were noted to have mucopurulent nasal discharge, cough, fever and tachypnea. All affected foals had been empirically treated with a macrolide and rif...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1142 |
| _version_ | 1827897706452877312 |
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| author | Nicole van derVossen Paulo Cavalcante Sarah Glynn Devaya Achappa Wasiq Mehmood Masaaki Oikawa Tatiana Vinardell Camilla Jamieson |
| author_facet | Nicole van derVossen Paulo Cavalcante Sarah Glynn Devaya Achappa Wasiq Mehmood Masaaki Oikawa Tatiana Vinardell Camilla Jamieson |
| author_sort | Nicole van derVossen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Upper respiratory disease was reported over many seasons in Arabian foals on a single stud farm in the Middle East. Affected foals were noted to have mucopurulent nasal discharge, cough, fever and tachypnea. All affected foals had been empirically treated with a macrolide and rifampicin, by the referring veterinarian without improvement. On endoscopic examination, all affected foals had significant guttural pouch empyema (GPE). Objectives (1) To document a previously unreported presentation of guttural pouch empyema (GPE) in a family of juvenile Arabian foals; (2) To document the cytological and microbial composition of the empyema; (3) To identify clinical signs significantly correlated with the presence of GPE, as predictors for the need for guttural pouch (GP) endoscopy; (4) To demonstrate successful resolution of the identified syndrome with mechanical GP lavage and evidence based antimicrobial use, improving antibiotic stewardship and the one‐health approach to respiratory disease in this demographic of foals. Methods Evaluation and scoring of clinical signs, upper airway endoscopy and thoracic ultrasound were performed in 14 affected foals and 10 age‐matched controls, followed by comparative tracheal and guttural pouch sputum culture and cytological evaluation. Therapeutic GP lavage was performed and response to therapy monitored. Results GPE, cranioventrally distributed ultrasonographic lesions and opportunistic pathogen infection suggested a primary lesion of GPE with aspiration of GP discharge into the lungs. GP lavage resolved the empyema and associated clinical signs in all cases. Conclusions Cytological examination of tracheal and guttural pouch aspirates revealed a neutrophilic exudate with lipid‐laden phagocytes, suggestive of engulfed milk. Bacteriology revealed a high prevalence of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus admixed with other opportunistic pathogens. Streptococcus equi ssp. equi was not isolated in any case. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:52:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e51512463ac2457a9b23d442a9313a50 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1095 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:52:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-e51512463ac2457a9b23d442a9313a502023-07-20T08:09:46ZengWileyVeterinary Medicine and Science2053-10952023-07-01941599160910.1002/vms3.1142A case‐control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in Arabian foalsNicole van derVossen0Paulo Cavalcante1Sarah Glynn2Devaya Achappa3Wasiq Mehmood4Masaaki Oikawa5Tatiana Vinardell6Camilla Jamieson7University of Saskatchewan College of Veterinary Medicine Saskatchewan CanadaUmm Qarn Farm Umm Qarn QatarEquine Veterinary Medical Center Education City Qatar Foundation Doha QatarEquine Veterinary Medical Center Education City Qatar Foundation Doha QatarEquine Veterinary Medical Center Education City Qatar Foundation Doha QatarEquine Veterinary Medical Center Education City Qatar Foundation Doha QatarEquine Veterinary Medical Center Education City Qatar Foundation Doha QatarEquine Veterinary Medical Center Education City Qatar Foundation Doha QatarAbstract Background Upper respiratory disease was reported over many seasons in Arabian foals on a single stud farm in the Middle East. Affected foals were noted to have mucopurulent nasal discharge, cough, fever and tachypnea. All affected foals had been empirically treated with a macrolide and rifampicin, by the referring veterinarian without improvement. On endoscopic examination, all affected foals had significant guttural pouch empyema (GPE). Objectives (1) To document a previously unreported presentation of guttural pouch empyema (GPE) in a family of juvenile Arabian foals; (2) To document the cytological and microbial composition of the empyema; (3) To identify clinical signs significantly correlated with the presence of GPE, as predictors for the need for guttural pouch (GP) endoscopy; (4) To demonstrate successful resolution of the identified syndrome with mechanical GP lavage and evidence based antimicrobial use, improving antibiotic stewardship and the one‐health approach to respiratory disease in this demographic of foals. Methods Evaluation and scoring of clinical signs, upper airway endoscopy and thoracic ultrasound were performed in 14 affected foals and 10 age‐matched controls, followed by comparative tracheal and guttural pouch sputum culture and cytological evaluation. Therapeutic GP lavage was performed and response to therapy monitored. Results GPE, cranioventrally distributed ultrasonographic lesions and opportunistic pathogen infection suggested a primary lesion of GPE with aspiration of GP discharge into the lungs. GP lavage resolved the empyema and associated clinical signs in all cases. Conclusions Cytological examination of tracheal and guttural pouch aspirates revealed a neutrophilic exudate with lipid‐laden phagocytes, suggestive of engulfed milk. Bacteriology revealed a high prevalence of Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus admixed with other opportunistic pathogens. Streptococcus equi ssp. equi was not isolated in any case.https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1142antibiotic stewardshipArabianempyemafoalguttural pouch |
| spellingShingle | Nicole van derVossen Paulo Cavalcante Sarah Glynn Devaya Achappa Wasiq Mehmood Masaaki Oikawa Tatiana Vinardell Camilla Jamieson A case‐control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in Arabian foals Veterinary Medicine and Science antibiotic stewardship Arabian empyema foal guttural pouch |
| title | A case‐control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in Arabian foals |
| title_full | A case‐control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in Arabian foals |
| title_fullStr | A case‐control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in Arabian foals |
| title_full_unstemmed | A case‐control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in Arabian foals |
| title_short | A case‐control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in Arabian foals |
| title_sort | case control study of atypical guttural pouch empyema in arabian foals |
| topic | antibiotic stewardship Arabian empyema foal guttural pouch |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1142 |
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