Frequency controlled agglomeration of pt-nanoparticles in sonochemical synthesis
Optimizing the surface area of nanoparticles is key to achieving high catalytic activities for electrochemical energy conversion devices. In this work, the frequency range (200 kHz–500 kHz) for maximum sonochemical radical formation was investigated for the sonochemical synthesis of Pt-nanoparticles...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417722000840 |
| _version_ | 1819010476508446720 |
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| author | Henrik E. Hansen Frode Seland Svein Sunde Odne S. Burheim Bruno G. Pollet |
| author_facet | Henrik E. Hansen Frode Seland Svein Sunde Odne S. Burheim Bruno G. Pollet |
| author_sort | Henrik E. Hansen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Optimizing the surface area of nanoparticles is key to achieving high catalytic activities for electrochemical energy conversion devices. In this work, the frequency range (200 kHz–500 kHz) for maximum sonochemical radical formation was investigated for the sonochemical synthesis of Pt-nanoparticles to assess whether an optimum frequency exists or if the entire range provides reproducible particle properties. Through physical and electrochemical characterization, it was found that the frequency dependent mechanical effects of ultrasound resulted in smaller, more open agglomerates at lower frequencies with agglomerate sizes of (238 ± 4) nm at 210 kHz compared to (274 ± 2) nm at 326 kHz, and electrochemical surface areas of (12.4 ± 0.9) m2g−1 at 210 kHz compared to (3.4 ± 0.5) m2g−1 at 326 kHz. However, the primary particle size (2.1 nm) and the catalytic activity towards hydrogen evolution, (19 ± 2) mV at 10mA cm2,remained unchanged over the entire frequency range. Highly reproducible Pt-nanoparticles are therefore easily attainable within a broad range of ultrasonic frequencies for the sonochemical synthesis route. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T01:12:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e53bad47bce2468887dfda0bc521bac9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1350-4177 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T01:12:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Ultrasonics Sonochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-e53bad47bce2468887dfda0bc521bac92022-12-21T19:20:53ZengElsevierUltrasonics Sonochemistry1350-41772022-04-0185105991Frequency controlled agglomeration of pt-nanoparticles in sonochemical synthesisHenrik E. Hansen0Frode Seland1Svein Sunde2Odne S. Burheim3Bruno G. Pollet4Electrochemistry Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; Hydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; Corresponding author at: Electrochemistry Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.Electrochemistry Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, NorwayElectrochemistry Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, NorwayHydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, NorwayHydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; Green H2 Lab, Pollet Research Group, Hydrogen Research Institute (HRI), Université Du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, CanadaOptimizing the surface area of nanoparticles is key to achieving high catalytic activities for electrochemical energy conversion devices. In this work, the frequency range (200 kHz–500 kHz) for maximum sonochemical radical formation was investigated for the sonochemical synthesis of Pt-nanoparticles to assess whether an optimum frequency exists or if the entire range provides reproducible particle properties. Through physical and electrochemical characterization, it was found that the frequency dependent mechanical effects of ultrasound resulted in smaller, more open agglomerates at lower frequencies with agglomerate sizes of (238 ± 4) nm at 210 kHz compared to (274 ± 2) nm at 326 kHz, and electrochemical surface areas of (12.4 ± 0.9) m2g−1 at 210 kHz compared to (3.4 ± 0.5) m2g−1 at 326 kHz. However, the primary particle size (2.1 nm) and the catalytic activity towards hydrogen evolution, (19 ± 2) mV at 10mA cm2,remained unchanged over the entire frequency range. Highly reproducible Pt-nanoparticles are therefore easily attainable within a broad range of ultrasonic frequencies for the sonochemical synthesis route.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417722000840UltrasoundSonochemistryElectrocatalystHydrogenPlatinumFrequency |
| spellingShingle | Henrik E. Hansen Frode Seland Svein Sunde Odne S. Burheim Bruno G. Pollet Frequency controlled agglomeration of pt-nanoparticles in sonochemical synthesis Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Ultrasound Sonochemistry Electrocatalyst Hydrogen Platinum Frequency |
| title | Frequency controlled agglomeration of pt-nanoparticles in sonochemical synthesis |
| title_full | Frequency controlled agglomeration of pt-nanoparticles in sonochemical synthesis |
| title_fullStr | Frequency controlled agglomeration of pt-nanoparticles in sonochemical synthesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Frequency controlled agglomeration of pt-nanoparticles in sonochemical synthesis |
| title_short | Frequency controlled agglomeration of pt-nanoparticles in sonochemical synthesis |
| title_sort | frequency controlled agglomeration of pt nanoparticles in sonochemical synthesis |
| topic | Ultrasound Sonochemistry Electrocatalyst Hydrogen Platinum Frequency |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350417722000840 |
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