Through the lens of phase separation: intrinsically unstructured protein and chromatin looping
ABSTRACTThe establishment, maintenance and dynamic regulation of three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structures provide an important means for partitioning of genome into functionally distinctive domains, which helps to define specialized gene expression programs associated with developmental stages an...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Nucleus |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19491034.2023.2179766 |
| _version_ | 1797387425710866432 |
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| author | Ling Cai Gang Greg Wang |
| author_facet | Ling Cai Gang Greg Wang |
| author_sort | Ling Cai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACTThe establishment, maintenance and dynamic regulation of three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structures provide an important means for partitioning of genome into functionally distinctive domains, which helps to define specialized gene expression programs associated with developmental stages and cell types. Increasing evidence supports critical roles for intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) harbored within transcription factors (TFs) and chromatin-modulatory proteins in inducing phase separation, a phenomenon of forming membrane-less condensates through partitioning of biomolecules. Such a process is also critically involved in the establishment of high-order chromatin structures and looping. IDR- and phase separation-driven 3D genome (re)organization often goes wrong in disease such as cancer. This review discusses about recent advances in understanding how phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) modulates chromatin looping and gene expression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:23:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e540dd65ec1a4afcbcc8a175f94d48c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1949-1034 1949-1042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T22:23:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nucleus |
| spelling | doaj.art-e540dd65ec1a4afcbcc8a175f94d48c22023-12-18T11:21:33ZengTaylor & Francis GroupNucleus1949-10341949-10422023-12-0114110.1080/19491034.2023.2179766Through the lens of phase separation: intrinsically unstructured protein and chromatin loopingLing Cai0Gang Greg Wang1Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USALineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USAABSTRACTThe establishment, maintenance and dynamic regulation of three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structures provide an important means for partitioning of genome into functionally distinctive domains, which helps to define specialized gene expression programs associated with developmental stages and cell types. Increasing evidence supports critical roles for intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) harbored within transcription factors (TFs) and chromatin-modulatory proteins in inducing phase separation, a phenomenon of forming membrane-less condensates through partitioning of biomolecules. Such a process is also critically involved in the establishment of high-order chromatin structures and looping. IDR- and phase separation-driven 3D genome (re)organization often goes wrong in disease such as cancer. This review discusses about recent advances in understanding how phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) modulates chromatin looping and gene expression.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19491034.2023.2179766Phase separationthree-dimensional chromatin structureintrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs)intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs)DNA loopingCTCF |
| spellingShingle | Ling Cai Gang Greg Wang Through the lens of phase separation: intrinsically unstructured protein and chromatin looping Nucleus Phase separation three-dimensional chromatin structure intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) DNA looping CTCF |
| title | Through the lens of phase separation: intrinsically unstructured protein and chromatin looping |
| title_full | Through the lens of phase separation: intrinsically unstructured protein and chromatin looping |
| title_fullStr | Through the lens of phase separation: intrinsically unstructured protein and chromatin looping |
| title_full_unstemmed | Through the lens of phase separation: intrinsically unstructured protein and chromatin looping |
| title_short | Through the lens of phase separation: intrinsically unstructured protein and chromatin looping |
| title_sort | through the lens of phase separation intrinsically unstructured protein and chromatin looping |
| topic | Phase separation three-dimensional chromatin structure intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) DNA looping CTCF |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/19491034.2023.2179766 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lingcai throughthelensofphaseseparationintrinsicallyunstructuredproteinandchromatinlooping AT ganggregwang throughthelensofphaseseparationintrinsicallyunstructuredproteinandchromatinlooping |