A Microalgae Photobioreactor System for Indoor Air Remediation: Empirical Examination of the CO<sub>2</sub> Absorption Performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> in a NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Reduced Medium
Microalgae-based photobioreactors (PBRs) have gained attention as a sustainable solution for indoor air quality (IAQ) control. This study investigates indoor CO<sub>2</sub> absorption performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> (<i>S. maxima</i>) in NaHCO<sub>3&l...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/24/12991 |
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| author | Myungho Han Jinsuck Park Inhan Kim Hwang Yi |
| author_facet | Myungho Han Jinsuck Park Inhan Kim Hwang Yi |
| author_sort | Myungho Han |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microalgae-based photobioreactors (PBRs) have gained attention as a sustainable solution for indoor air quality (IAQ) control. This study investigates indoor CO<sub>2</sub> absorption performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> (<i>S. maxima</i>) in NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-limited cultivation (standard: NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-free medium = 1:1 <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>%) of a lab-scale PBR system. Cultivation performance of three medium amendments (standard, 50% NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, and NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-free) was compared by observing cell growth for 30 days in a controlled environment. Empirical examinations were conducted to evaluate the algal CO<sub>2</sub> uptake, and overall system performance in the culture volumes of 2, 4, and 7 L and natural indoor CO<sub>2</sub> concentration of ~1100 ppm. We found CO<sub>2</sub> was reduced by ~55%, in an air chamber of 0.064 m<sup>3</sup>, showing the greatest mitigation rate (~20%) on Day 4. Under a high concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> (10,000 ppm), the CO<sub>2</sub> levels were decreased up to ~90% before saturation. This research provides valuable insights into the development of <i>S. maxima</i>-activated IAQ control systems for airtight buildings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:03:02Z |
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| id | doaj.art-e548572e1863468d8f9c38815150bce8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:03:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e548572e1863468d8f9c38815150bce82023-12-22T13:50:01ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-12-0113241299110.3390/app132412991A Microalgae Photobioreactor System for Indoor Air Remediation: Empirical Examination of the CO<sub>2</sub> Absorption Performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> in a NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Reduced MediumMyungho Han0Jinsuck Park1Inhan Kim2Hwang Yi3Spirulinafarms Ltd., Bitgaram-ro, Naju-si 58211, Jeollanam-do, Republic of KoreaIndependent Researcher, 3F, 28, Yongmeori-gil, Gimcheon-si 18487, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Architecture, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Architecture, School of Engineering, Ajou University, 206 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si 443749, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaMicroalgae-based photobioreactors (PBRs) have gained attention as a sustainable solution for indoor air quality (IAQ) control. This study investigates indoor CO<sub>2</sub> absorption performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> (<i>S. maxima</i>) in NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-limited cultivation (standard: NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-free medium = 1:1 <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>%) of a lab-scale PBR system. Cultivation performance of three medium amendments (standard, 50% NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, and NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-free) was compared by observing cell growth for 30 days in a controlled environment. Empirical examinations were conducted to evaluate the algal CO<sub>2</sub> uptake, and overall system performance in the culture volumes of 2, 4, and 7 L and natural indoor CO<sub>2</sub> concentration of ~1100 ppm. We found CO<sub>2</sub> was reduced by ~55%, in an air chamber of 0.064 m<sup>3</sup>, showing the greatest mitigation rate (~20%) on Day 4. Under a high concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> (10,000 ppm), the CO<sub>2</sub> levels were decreased up to ~90% before saturation. This research provides valuable insights into the development of <i>S. maxima</i>-activated IAQ control systems for airtight buildings.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/24/12991indoor air qualitymicroalgae<i>Spirulina maxima</i>photobioreactorcarbon dioxide |
| spellingShingle | Myungho Han Jinsuck Park Inhan Kim Hwang Yi A Microalgae Photobioreactor System for Indoor Air Remediation: Empirical Examination of the CO<sub>2</sub> Absorption Performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> in a NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Reduced Medium Applied Sciences indoor air quality microalgae <i>Spirulina maxima</i> photobioreactor carbon dioxide |
| title | A Microalgae Photobioreactor System for Indoor Air Remediation: Empirical Examination of the CO<sub>2</sub> Absorption Performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> in a NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Reduced Medium |
| title_full | A Microalgae Photobioreactor System for Indoor Air Remediation: Empirical Examination of the CO<sub>2</sub> Absorption Performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> in a NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Reduced Medium |
| title_fullStr | A Microalgae Photobioreactor System for Indoor Air Remediation: Empirical Examination of the CO<sub>2</sub> Absorption Performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> in a NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Reduced Medium |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Microalgae Photobioreactor System for Indoor Air Remediation: Empirical Examination of the CO<sub>2</sub> Absorption Performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> in a NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Reduced Medium |
| title_short | A Microalgae Photobioreactor System for Indoor Air Remediation: Empirical Examination of the CO<sub>2</sub> Absorption Performance of <i>Spirulina maxima</i> in a NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-Reduced Medium |
| title_sort | microalgae photobioreactor system for indoor air remediation empirical examination of the co sub 2 sub absorption performance of i spirulina maxima i in a nahco sub 3 sub reduced medium |
| topic | indoor air quality microalgae <i>Spirulina maxima</i> photobioreactor carbon dioxide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/24/12991 |
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