Incidence, risk factors and management of post cesarean section surgical site infection (SSI) in a tertiary hospital in Egypt: a five year retrospective study
Abstract Background Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the commonest complications following cesarean section (CS) with a reported incidence of 3–20%. SSI causes massive burdens on both the mother and the health care system. Moreover, it is associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality...
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BMC
2021-09-01
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| Series: | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-04054-3 |
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| author | Khaled Gomaa Ahmed R. Abdelraheim Saad El Gelany Eissa M. Khalifa Ayman M. Yousef Heba Hassan |
| author_facet | Khaled Gomaa Ahmed R. Abdelraheim Saad El Gelany Eissa M. Khalifa Ayman M. Yousef Heba Hassan |
| author_sort | Khaled Gomaa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the commonest complications following cesarean section (CS) with a reported incidence of 3–20%. SSI causes massive burdens on both the mother and the health care system. Moreover, it is associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality rate of up to 3%. This study aims to determine the incidence, risk factors and management of SSI following CS in a tertiary hospital. Methods This was an observational case control retrospective study which was conducted at Minia maternity university hospital, Egypt during the period from January 2013 to December 2017 (Five years). A total of 15,502 CSs were performed during the studied period, of these, 828 cases developed SSI following CS (SSI group). The control group included 1500 women underwent cesarean section without developing SSI. The medical records of both groups were reviewed regarding the sociodemographic and the clinical characteristics. Results The incidence of SSI post-cesarean section was 5.34%. Significant risk factors for SSI were; chorioamnionitis (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.51; 95% CI =3.12–6.18), premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (AOR 3.99; 95% CI =3.11–4.74), blood loss of > 1000 ml (AOR 2.21; 95% CI =1.62–3.09), emergency CS (AOR 2.16; 95% CI =1.61–2.51), duration of CS of > 1 h (AOR 2.12; 95% CI =1.67–2.79), no antenatal care (ANC) visits (AOR 2.05; 95% CI =1.66–2.37), duration of labor of ≥24 h (AOR 1.45; 95% CI =1.06–2.01), diabetes mellitus (DM) (AOR 1.37; 95% CI =1.02–2.1 3), obesity (AOR 1.34; 95% CI =0.95–1.84), high parity (AOR 1.27; 95% CI = 1.03–1.88), hypertension (AOR 1.19; 95% CI = 0.92–2.11) and gestational age of < 37 wks (AOR 1.12; 95% CI = 0.94–1.66). The mortality rate due to SSI was 1.33%. Conclusions The obtained incidence of SSI post CS in our study is relatively lower than other previous studies from developing countries. The development of SSI is associated with many factors rather than one factor. Management of SSI is maninly medical but surgical approach may be needed in some cases. Registration Local ethical committee (Registration number: MOBGYN0040). |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:20:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e5555cad63754df592e913524ff8e164 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2393 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:20:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| series | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
| spelling | doaj.art-e5555cad63754df592e913524ff8e1642022-12-21T22:01:59ZengBMCBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth1471-23932021-09-012111910.1186/s12884-021-04054-3Incidence, risk factors and management of post cesarean section surgical site infection (SSI) in a tertiary hospital in Egypt: a five year retrospective studyKhaled Gomaa0Ahmed R. Abdelraheim1Saad El Gelany2Eissa M. Khalifa3Ayman M. Yousef4Heba Hassan5Minia Maternity and Children University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia UniversityMinia Maternity and Children University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia UniversityMinia Maternity and Children University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia UniversityMinia Maternity and Children University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia UniversityMinia Maternity and Children University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia UniversityMinia Maternity and Children University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia UniversityAbstract Background Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the commonest complications following cesarean section (CS) with a reported incidence of 3–20%. SSI causes massive burdens on both the mother and the health care system. Moreover, it is associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality rate of up to 3%. This study aims to determine the incidence, risk factors and management of SSI following CS in a tertiary hospital. Methods This was an observational case control retrospective study which was conducted at Minia maternity university hospital, Egypt during the period from January 2013 to December 2017 (Five years). A total of 15,502 CSs were performed during the studied period, of these, 828 cases developed SSI following CS (SSI group). The control group included 1500 women underwent cesarean section without developing SSI. The medical records of both groups were reviewed regarding the sociodemographic and the clinical characteristics. Results The incidence of SSI post-cesarean section was 5.34%. Significant risk factors for SSI were; chorioamnionitis (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.51; 95% CI =3.12–6.18), premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (AOR 3.99; 95% CI =3.11–4.74), blood loss of > 1000 ml (AOR 2.21; 95% CI =1.62–3.09), emergency CS (AOR 2.16; 95% CI =1.61–2.51), duration of CS of > 1 h (AOR 2.12; 95% CI =1.67–2.79), no antenatal care (ANC) visits (AOR 2.05; 95% CI =1.66–2.37), duration of labor of ≥24 h (AOR 1.45; 95% CI =1.06–2.01), diabetes mellitus (DM) (AOR 1.37; 95% CI =1.02–2.1 3), obesity (AOR 1.34; 95% CI =0.95–1.84), high parity (AOR 1.27; 95% CI = 1.03–1.88), hypertension (AOR 1.19; 95% CI = 0.92–2.11) and gestational age of < 37 wks (AOR 1.12; 95% CI = 0.94–1.66). The mortality rate due to SSI was 1.33%. Conclusions The obtained incidence of SSI post CS in our study is relatively lower than other previous studies from developing countries. The development of SSI is associated with many factors rather than one factor. Management of SSI is maninly medical but surgical approach may be needed in some cases. Registration Local ethical committee (Registration number: MOBGYN0040).https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-04054-3Surgical site infectionCesarean sectionIncidenceRisk factorsMinia |
| spellingShingle | Khaled Gomaa Ahmed R. Abdelraheim Saad El Gelany Eissa M. Khalifa Ayman M. Yousef Heba Hassan Incidence, risk factors and management of post cesarean section surgical site infection (SSI) in a tertiary hospital in Egypt: a five year retrospective study BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Surgical site infection Cesarean section Incidence Risk factors Minia |
| title | Incidence, risk factors and management of post cesarean section surgical site infection (SSI) in a tertiary hospital in Egypt: a five year retrospective study |
| title_full | Incidence, risk factors and management of post cesarean section surgical site infection (SSI) in a tertiary hospital in Egypt: a five year retrospective study |
| title_fullStr | Incidence, risk factors and management of post cesarean section surgical site infection (SSI) in a tertiary hospital in Egypt: a five year retrospective study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incidence, risk factors and management of post cesarean section surgical site infection (SSI) in a tertiary hospital in Egypt: a five year retrospective study |
| title_short | Incidence, risk factors and management of post cesarean section surgical site infection (SSI) in a tertiary hospital in Egypt: a five year retrospective study |
| title_sort | incidence risk factors and management of post cesarean section surgical site infection ssi in a tertiary hospital in egypt a five year retrospective study |
| topic | Surgical site infection Cesarean section Incidence Risk factors Minia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-04054-3 |
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