Treatment of real tannery wastewater using facile synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Experimental results and geochemical modeling
Tannery wastewater (TWW) is a toxic and hazardous effluent that causes great harm to receiving ecosystems if released untreated. Here, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs), synthesized from low-cost and readily available magnesite, were used for the treatment of real TWW under batch laboratory co...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Water Resources and Industry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371723000057 |
| _version_ | 1797818314149330944 |
|---|---|
| author | V. Masindi M. Tekere S. Foteinis |
| author_facet | V. Masindi M. Tekere S. Foteinis |
| author_sort | V. Masindi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tannery wastewater (TWW) is a toxic and hazardous effluent that causes great harm to receiving ecosystems if released untreated. Here, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs), synthesized from low-cost and readily available magnesite, were used for the treatment of real TWW under batch laboratory conditions. The optimum treatment conditions were 90 min contact time and 10 g MgO-NPs dosage per L of real TWW, under ambient pH and temperature. Results were underpinned by state-of-the-art analytical techniques, including ICP-OES, XRD, XRF, and FIB/EDS-SEM, along with geochemical modelling (PHREEQC). The removal efficiency for the main contaminants that are typically found in TWW was, from higher to lower score, Fe ≥ U ≥ Cr ≥ Mn ≥ Al ≥ Sb ≥ Cu ≥ Ni ≥ TOC ≥ COD≥ SO42−. The removal percentages for these contaminants were ≥99%, aside from Ni (97%), TOC (71%), COD (69%) and particularly SO42− (21%). The underlying mechanism for contaminants removal is linked to the scavenging of metals by the MgO-NPs, forming complexes, in combination with alkalinity addition (through MgO dissolution) that lead to contaminants precipitation. The PHREEQC geochemical model confirmed the existence of divalent, trivalent, oxyanions, and multivalent chemical species in MgO-NPs/TWW solution, including complexes. Contaminants attenuation was achieved through precipitation, co-precipitation, adsorption, and co-adsorption, while these were removed as hydroxides, sulfides, carbonates, oxide, and oxyhydrosulfates. Overall, results highlight the great potential of MgO-NPs for the sustainable management of real TWW. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T09:07:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e580458a910949b495528d0a45dc8178 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2212-3717 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T09:07:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water Resources and Industry |
| spelling | doaj.art-e580458a910949b495528d0a45dc81782023-05-28T04:09:05ZengElsevierWater Resources and Industry2212-37172023-06-0129100205Treatment of real tannery wastewater using facile synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Experimental results and geochemical modelingV. Masindi0M. Tekere1S. Foteinis2Magalies Water, Scientific Services, Research & Development Division, Erf 3475, Stoffberg street, Brits, 0250, South Africa; Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa (UNISA), P. O. Box 392, Florida, 1710, South Africa; Corresponding author. Magalies Water, Scientific Services, Research & Development Division, Erf 3475, Stoffberg street, Brits, 0250, South Africa.Department of Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa (UNISA), P. O. Box 392, Florida, 1710, South AfricaResearch Centre for Carbon Solutions, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, United KingdomTannery wastewater (TWW) is a toxic and hazardous effluent that causes great harm to receiving ecosystems if released untreated. Here, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO-NPs), synthesized from low-cost and readily available magnesite, were used for the treatment of real TWW under batch laboratory conditions. The optimum treatment conditions were 90 min contact time and 10 g MgO-NPs dosage per L of real TWW, under ambient pH and temperature. Results were underpinned by state-of-the-art analytical techniques, including ICP-OES, XRD, XRF, and FIB/EDS-SEM, along with geochemical modelling (PHREEQC). The removal efficiency for the main contaminants that are typically found in TWW was, from higher to lower score, Fe ≥ U ≥ Cr ≥ Mn ≥ Al ≥ Sb ≥ Cu ≥ Ni ≥ TOC ≥ COD≥ SO42−. The removal percentages for these contaminants were ≥99%, aside from Ni (97%), TOC (71%), COD (69%) and particularly SO42− (21%). The underlying mechanism for contaminants removal is linked to the scavenging of metals by the MgO-NPs, forming complexes, in combination with alkalinity addition (through MgO dissolution) that lead to contaminants precipitation. The PHREEQC geochemical model confirmed the existence of divalent, trivalent, oxyanions, and multivalent chemical species in MgO-NPs/TWW solution, including complexes. Contaminants attenuation was achieved through precipitation, co-precipitation, adsorption, and co-adsorption, while these were removed as hydroxides, sulfides, carbonates, oxide, and oxyhydrosulfates. Overall, results highlight the great potential of MgO-NPs for the sustainable management of real TWW.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371723000057Tannery and textile wastewaterActivated MgO nanoparticlesToxic (heavy) metals and saltsMetals precipitationThermal and mechano-chemical activationPH REdox EQuilibrium (in C language) (PHREEQC) |
| spellingShingle | V. Masindi M. Tekere S. Foteinis Treatment of real tannery wastewater using facile synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Experimental results and geochemical modeling Water Resources and Industry Tannery and textile wastewater Activated MgO nanoparticles Toxic (heavy) metals and salts Metals precipitation Thermal and mechano-chemical activation PH REdox EQuilibrium (in C language) (PHREEQC) |
| title | Treatment of real tannery wastewater using facile synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Experimental results and geochemical modeling |
| title_full | Treatment of real tannery wastewater using facile synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Experimental results and geochemical modeling |
| title_fullStr | Treatment of real tannery wastewater using facile synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Experimental results and geochemical modeling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treatment of real tannery wastewater using facile synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Experimental results and geochemical modeling |
| title_short | Treatment of real tannery wastewater using facile synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Experimental results and geochemical modeling |
| title_sort | treatment of real tannery wastewater using facile synthesized magnesium oxide nanoparticles experimental results and geochemical modeling |
| topic | Tannery and textile wastewater Activated MgO nanoparticles Toxic (heavy) metals and salts Metals precipitation Thermal and mechano-chemical activation PH REdox EQuilibrium (in C language) (PHREEQC) |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371723000057 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vmasindi treatmentofrealtannerywastewaterusingfacilesynthesizedmagnesiumoxidenanoparticlesexperimentalresultsandgeochemicalmodeling AT mtekere treatmentofrealtannerywastewaterusingfacilesynthesizedmagnesiumoxidenanoparticlesexperimentalresultsandgeochemicalmodeling AT sfoteinis treatmentofrealtannerywastewaterusingfacilesynthesizedmagnesiumoxidenanoparticlesexperimentalresultsandgeochemicalmodeling |