Childhood adversity, mental health and suicide (CHASE): a protocol for a longitudinal case-control linked data study
Introduction Suicide is a tragic outcome with devastating consequences. In 2018, Scotland experienced a 15% increase in suicide from 680 to 784 deaths. This was marked among young people, with an increase of 53% in those aged 15-24, the highest since 2007. Early intervention in those most at risk is...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Swansea University
2020-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Population Data Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijpds.org/article/view/1338 |
| _version_ | 1797430567530135552 |
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| author | Nadine J Dougall Jan Savinc Margaret Maxwell Thanos Karatzias Rory C O'Connor Brian Williams Graeme Grandison Ann John Helen Cheyne Claire Fyvie Jonathan I Bisson Carina Hibberd Susan Abbott-Smith Liz Nolan |
| author_facet | Nadine J Dougall Jan Savinc Margaret Maxwell Thanos Karatzias Rory C O'Connor Brian Williams Graeme Grandison Ann John Helen Cheyne Claire Fyvie Jonathan I Bisson Carina Hibberd Susan Abbott-Smith Liz Nolan |
| author_sort | Nadine J Dougall |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction
Suicide is a tragic outcome with devastating consequences. In 2018, Scotland experienced a 15% increase in suicide from 680 to 784 deaths. This was marked among young people, with an increase of 53% in those aged 15-24, the highest since 2007. Early intervention in those most at risk is key, but identification of individuals at risk is complex, and efforts remain largely targeted towards universal suicide prevention strategies with little evidence of effectiveness.
Recent evidence suggests childhood adversity is a predictor of subsequent poor social and health outcomes, including suicide. This protocol reports on methodology for harmonising lifespan hospital contacts for childhood adversity, mental health, and suicidal behaviour. This will inform where to 1) focus interventions, 2) prioritise trauma-informed approaches, and 3) adapt support avenues earlier in life for those most at risk.
Methods
This study will follow a case-control design. Scottish hospital data (physical health SMR01; mental health SMR04; maternity/birth record SMR02; mother’s linked data SMR01, SMR04, death records) from 1981 to as recent as available will be extracted for people who died by suicide aged 10-34, and linked on Community Health Index unique identifier. A randomly selected control population matched on age and geography at death will be extracted in a 1:10 ratio. International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes will be harmonised between ICD9-CM, ICD9, ICD10-CM and ICD10 for childhood adversity, mental health, and suicidal behaviour.
Results
ICD codes for childhood adversity from four key studies are reported in two categories, 1) Maltreatment or violence-related codes, and 2) Codes suggestive of maltreatment. ‘Clinical Classifications Software’ ICD codes to operationalise mental health codes are also reported. Harmonised lifespan ICD categories were achieved semi-automatically, but required labour-intensive supplementary manual coding. Cross-mapped codes are reported.
Conclusions
There is a dearth of evidence about touchpoints prior to suicide. This study reports methods and harmonised ICD codes along the lifespan to understand hospital contact patterns for childhood adversity, which come to the attention of hospital practitioners. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:29:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e5c114d52a19448488d57b539f4de29d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2399-4908 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:29:28Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | Swansea University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Population Data Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-e5c114d52a19448488d57b539f4de29d2023-12-02T04:57:09ZengSwansea UniversityInternational Journal of Population Data Science2399-49082020-04-015110.23889/ijpds.v5i1.1338Childhood adversity, mental health and suicide (CHASE): a protocol for a longitudinal case-control linked data studyNadine J Dougall0Jan Savinc1Margaret Maxwell2Thanos Karatzias3Rory C O'Connor4Brian Williams5Graeme Grandison6Ann John7Helen Cheyne8Claire Fyvie9Jonathan I Bisson10Carina Hibberd11Susan Abbott-Smith12Liz Nolan13School of Health & Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UKSchool of Health & Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UKNursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Scion House, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UKInstitute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UKInstitute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RZ, UKSchool of Health & Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UKSchool of Health & Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UKSwansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UKNursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit, Scion House, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UKThe Rivers Centre, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, EH11 1BG, UKCardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UKFaculty of Health Sciences & Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UKChild and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS), NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, EH10 5HF, UKAberlour, Scotland’s children’s charity (SC007991), Stirling, FK8 2JR, UKIntroduction Suicide is a tragic outcome with devastating consequences. In 2018, Scotland experienced a 15% increase in suicide from 680 to 784 deaths. This was marked among young people, with an increase of 53% in those aged 15-24, the highest since 2007. Early intervention in those most at risk is key, but identification of individuals at risk is complex, and efforts remain largely targeted towards universal suicide prevention strategies with little evidence of effectiveness. Recent evidence suggests childhood adversity is a predictor of subsequent poor social and health outcomes, including suicide. This protocol reports on methodology for harmonising lifespan hospital contacts for childhood adversity, mental health, and suicidal behaviour. This will inform where to 1) focus interventions, 2) prioritise trauma-informed approaches, and 3) adapt support avenues earlier in life for those most at risk. Methods This study will follow a case-control design. Scottish hospital data (physical health SMR01; mental health SMR04; maternity/birth record SMR02; mother’s linked data SMR01, SMR04, death records) from 1981 to as recent as available will be extracted for people who died by suicide aged 10-34, and linked on Community Health Index unique identifier. A randomly selected control population matched on age and geography at death will be extracted in a 1:10 ratio. International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes will be harmonised between ICD9-CM, ICD9, ICD10-CM and ICD10 for childhood adversity, mental health, and suicidal behaviour. Results ICD codes for childhood adversity from four key studies are reported in two categories, 1) Maltreatment or violence-related codes, and 2) Codes suggestive of maltreatment. ‘Clinical Classifications Software’ ICD codes to operationalise mental health codes are also reported. Harmonised lifespan ICD categories were achieved semi-automatically, but required labour-intensive supplementary manual coding. Cross-mapped codes are reported. Conclusions There is a dearth of evidence about touchpoints prior to suicide. This study reports methods and harmonised ICD codes along the lifespan to understand hospital contact patterns for childhood adversity, which come to the attention of hospital practitioners.https://ijpds.org/article/view/1338Childhood Adversity, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Mental Health, Self-harm, Suicide, Suicidality, Violence, Hospital episodes, Routine Data, Data Linkage, Study Protocol |
| spellingShingle | Nadine J Dougall Jan Savinc Margaret Maxwell Thanos Karatzias Rory C O'Connor Brian Williams Graeme Grandison Ann John Helen Cheyne Claire Fyvie Jonathan I Bisson Carina Hibberd Susan Abbott-Smith Liz Nolan Childhood adversity, mental health and suicide (CHASE): a protocol for a longitudinal case-control linked data study International Journal of Population Data Science Childhood Adversity, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Mental Health, Self-harm, Suicide, Suicidality, Violence, Hospital episodes, Routine Data, Data Linkage, Study Protocol |
| title | Childhood adversity, mental health and suicide (CHASE): a protocol for a longitudinal case-control linked data study |
| title_full | Childhood adversity, mental health and suicide (CHASE): a protocol for a longitudinal case-control linked data study |
| title_fullStr | Childhood adversity, mental health and suicide (CHASE): a protocol for a longitudinal case-control linked data study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Childhood adversity, mental health and suicide (CHASE): a protocol for a longitudinal case-control linked data study |
| title_short | Childhood adversity, mental health and suicide (CHASE): a protocol for a longitudinal case-control linked data study |
| title_sort | childhood adversity mental health and suicide chase a protocol for a longitudinal case control linked data study |
| topic | Childhood Adversity, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Mental Health, Self-harm, Suicide, Suicidality, Violence, Hospital episodes, Routine Data, Data Linkage, Study Protocol |
| url | https://ijpds.org/article/view/1338 |
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