Fluidized-Bed Granulation of Probiotics-Encapsulated Spray-Dried Skim Milk Powder: Effects of a Fluidizing Aid, Moisture-Activation and Dehydration
A probiotic powder of poor flowability with high dust content, prepared by spray drying reconstituted skim milk fermented with <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> GG (LGG), was granulated by fluidized-bed granulation (FBG). The effects of the addition of skim milk powder (SMP) as a fluidizing...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/7/1600 |
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| author | Dong-Hyun Lim Andres Letona Minjeong Lee Dayoung Lim Nam-Soo Han Donghwa Chung |
| author_facet | Dong-Hyun Lim Andres Letona Minjeong Lee Dayoung Lim Nam-Soo Han Donghwa Chung |
| author_sort | Dong-Hyun Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A probiotic powder of poor flowability with high dust content, prepared by spray drying reconstituted skim milk fermented with <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> GG (LGG), was granulated by fluidized-bed granulation (FBG). The effects of the addition of skim milk powder (SMP) as a fluidizing aid, and of simple moisture-activation with or without dehydration, were investigated with respect to the performance of the FBG process. A fine, poorly fluidizable LGG powder (Geldart Group C) could be fluidized and granulated, with a 4- to 5-fold increase in particle size (<i>d</i><sub>4,3</sub> = 96–141 μm), by mixing with SMP (30–50%), which has larger, fluidizable particles belonging to Geldart Group A. Moisture-activation after the mixing, followed by fluidized-bed dehydration with hot air to remove excess moisture, further improved the FBG; the yield of the granules increased from 42% to 61% and the particle size distribution became much narrower, although the average particle size remained almost the same (<i>d</i><sub>4,3</sub> = 142 μm). These granules showed a popcorn-type structure in scanning electron microscopy images and encapsulated a sufficient level of viable LGG cells (1.6 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU g<sup>−1</sup>). These granules also exhibited much better flowability and dispersibility than the spray-dried LGG powder. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:39:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e5c148eccf5e44ea953e9ac2ba6a93d8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:39:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-e5c148eccf5e44ea953e9ac2ba6a93d82023-11-22T03:47:47ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-07-01107160010.3390/foods10071600Fluidized-Bed Granulation of Probiotics-Encapsulated Spray-Dried Skim Milk Powder: Effects of a Fluidizing Aid, Moisture-Activation and DehydrationDong-Hyun Lim0Andres Letona1Minjeong Lee2Dayoung Lim3Nam-Soo Han4Donghwa Chung5Food Technology Major, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, KoreaInstitute of Food Industrialization, Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, KoreaFood Technology Major, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, KoreaFood Technology Major, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, KoreaDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, KoreaFood Technology Major, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, KoreaA probiotic powder of poor flowability with high dust content, prepared by spray drying reconstituted skim milk fermented with <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> GG (LGG), was granulated by fluidized-bed granulation (FBG). The effects of the addition of skim milk powder (SMP) as a fluidizing aid, and of simple moisture-activation with or without dehydration, were investigated with respect to the performance of the FBG process. A fine, poorly fluidizable LGG powder (Geldart Group C) could be fluidized and granulated, with a 4- to 5-fold increase in particle size (<i>d</i><sub>4,3</sub> = 96–141 μm), by mixing with SMP (30–50%), which has larger, fluidizable particles belonging to Geldart Group A. Moisture-activation after the mixing, followed by fluidized-bed dehydration with hot air to remove excess moisture, further improved the FBG; the yield of the granules increased from 42% to 61% and the particle size distribution became much narrower, although the average particle size remained almost the same (<i>d</i><sub>4,3</sub> = 142 μm). These granules showed a popcorn-type structure in scanning electron microscopy images and encapsulated a sufficient level of viable LGG cells (1.6 × 10<sup>8</sup> CFU g<sup>−1</sup>). These granules also exhibited much better flowability and dispersibility than the spray-dried LGG powder.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/7/1600fluidized-bed granulation<i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> GGspray dryingmoisture-activationflowability |
| spellingShingle | Dong-Hyun Lim Andres Letona Minjeong Lee Dayoung Lim Nam-Soo Han Donghwa Chung Fluidized-Bed Granulation of Probiotics-Encapsulated Spray-Dried Skim Milk Powder: Effects of a Fluidizing Aid, Moisture-Activation and Dehydration Foods fluidized-bed granulation <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> GG spray drying moisture-activation flowability |
| title | Fluidized-Bed Granulation of Probiotics-Encapsulated Spray-Dried Skim Milk Powder: Effects of a Fluidizing Aid, Moisture-Activation and Dehydration |
| title_full | Fluidized-Bed Granulation of Probiotics-Encapsulated Spray-Dried Skim Milk Powder: Effects of a Fluidizing Aid, Moisture-Activation and Dehydration |
| title_fullStr | Fluidized-Bed Granulation of Probiotics-Encapsulated Spray-Dried Skim Milk Powder: Effects of a Fluidizing Aid, Moisture-Activation and Dehydration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fluidized-Bed Granulation of Probiotics-Encapsulated Spray-Dried Skim Milk Powder: Effects of a Fluidizing Aid, Moisture-Activation and Dehydration |
| title_short | Fluidized-Bed Granulation of Probiotics-Encapsulated Spray-Dried Skim Milk Powder: Effects of a Fluidizing Aid, Moisture-Activation and Dehydration |
| title_sort | fluidized bed granulation of probiotics encapsulated spray dried skim milk powder effects of a fluidizing aid moisture activation and dehydration |
| topic | fluidized-bed granulation <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> GG spray drying moisture-activation flowability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/7/1600 |
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