The Effects of 3,5-Dimethylpyrazole on Soil Nitrification and Related Enzyme Activities in Brown Soil
Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds containing two adjacent nitrogen atoms generally have a significant effect on soil nitrification inhibition, and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (DMP) is a typical representative of this structure. However, the inhibitory effect and the regulatory mechanism of DMP on soil N tran...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1425 |
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| author | Yuanchuang Lu Dongxiao Li Changqing Li Mengyu Sun Zhijie Wu Zhimei Sun |
| author_facet | Yuanchuang Lu Dongxiao Li Changqing Li Mengyu Sun Zhijie Wu Zhimei Sun |
| author_sort | Yuanchuang Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds containing two adjacent nitrogen atoms generally have a significant effect on soil nitrification inhibition, and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (DMP) is a typical representative of this structure. However, the inhibitory effect and the regulatory mechanism of DMP on soil N transformation are unclear. In this study, a microcosm with different concentrations of DMP was carried out in brown soil to detect the dynamic changes of soil NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>–N, NO<sub>3</sub>–N and related soil enzyme activities. Results showed that DMP inhibited soil nitrification effectively and decreased soil nitrate reductase activity, while increasing nitrite reductase and dehydrogenase activities. The inhibition effects were dose dependent, and DMP at the rate of 0.025 g kg<sup>−1</sup> dry soil showed the strongest inhibitory effect on N transformation in brown soil. The soil dehydrogenase activity was increased with an increasing DMP application rate. The changes in the soil’s chemical and biological properties caused by DMP application provided a new idea for systematically explaining how DMP participated in the soil N transformation process. This study further implied that DMP would play positive roles in alleviating environmental pressure by delaying nitrate-N formation and decreasing the activity of nitrate reductase. |
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| id | doaj.art-e5d4e2a34c3b4a459dc08d344c04214e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:38:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-e5d4e2a34c3b4a459dc08d344c04214e2023-11-23T15:11:35ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-06-01126142510.3390/agronomy12061425The Effects of 3,5-Dimethylpyrazole on Soil Nitrification and Related Enzyme Activities in Brown SoilYuanchuang Lu0Dongxiao Li1Changqing Li2Mengyu Sun3Zhijie Wu4Zhimei Sun5Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, ChinaKey Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, ChinaKey Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, ChinaInstitute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, ChinaKey Laboratory for Farmland Eco-Environment of Hebei, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, ChinaHeterocyclic nitrogen compounds containing two adjacent nitrogen atoms generally have a significant effect on soil nitrification inhibition, and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (DMP) is a typical representative of this structure. However, the inhibitory effect and the regulatory mechanism of DMP on soil N transformation are unclear. In this study, a microcosm with different concentrations of DMP was carried out in brown soil to detect the dynamic changes of soil NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>–N, NO<sub>3</sub>–N and related soil enzyme activities. Results showed that DMP inhibited soil nitrification effectively and decreased soil nitrate reductase activity, while increasing nitrite reductase and dehydrogenase activities. The inhibition effects were dose dependent, and DMP at the rate of 0.025 g kg<sup>−1</sup> dry soil showed the strongest inhibitory effect on N transformation in brown soil. The soil dehydrogenase activity was increased with an increasing DMP application rate. The changes in the soil’s chemical and biological properties caused by DMP application provided a new idea for systematically explaining how DMP participated in the soil N transformation process. This study further implied that DMP would play positive roles in alleviating environmental pressure by delaying nitrate-N formation and decreasing the activity of nitrate reductase.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/14253,5-dimethylpyrazolenitrification inhibitionnitrite reductase activitynitrate reductase activitydehydrogenase activity |
| spellingShingle | Yuanchuang Lu Dongxiao Li Changqing Li Mengyu Sun Zhijie Wu Zhimei Sun The Effects of 3,5-Dimethylpyrazole on Soil Nitrification and Related Enzyme Activities in Brown Soil Agronomy 3,5-dimethylpyrazole nitrification inhibition nitrite reductase activity nitrate reductase activity dehydrogenase activity |
| title | The Effects of 3,5-Dimethylpyrazole on Soil Nitrification and Related Enzyme Activities in Brown Soil |
| title_full | The Effects of 3,5-Dimethylpyrazole on Soil Nitrification and Related Enzyme Activities in Brown Soil |
| title_fullStr | The Effects of 3,5-Dimethylpyrazole on Soil Nitrification and Related Enzyme Activities in Brown Soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effects of 3,5-Dimethylpyrazole on Soil Nitrification and Related Enzyme Activities in Brown Soil |
| title_short | The Effects of 3,5-Dimethylpyrazole on Soil Nitrification and Related Enzyme Activities in Brown Soil |
| title_sort | effects of 3 5 dimethylpyrazole on soil nitrification and related enzyme activities in brown soil |
| topic | 3,5-dimethylpyrazole nitrification inhibition nitrite reductase activity nitrate reductase activity dehydrogenase activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/6/1425 |
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