Evaluation of Applicability of Minimum Required Compressive Strength for Cold Weather Concreting Based on Winter Meteorological Factors
In this paper, we evaluated the applicability of the minimum required compressive strength for cold weather concreting based on winter meteorological factors. In this study, a compressive strength test, dynamic elastic modulus test, hydration degree test, underwater weighing test, and freeze–thaw te...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8490 |
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| author | Jiahui Cui Nguyen Duc Van Feng Zhang Yukio Hama |
| author_facet | Jiahui Cui Nguyen Duc Van Feng Zhang Yukio Hama |
| author_sort | Jiahui Cui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, we evaluated the applicability of the minimum required compressive strength for cold weather concreting based on winter meteorological factors. In this study, a compressive strength test, dynamic elastic modulus test, hydration degree test, underwater weighing test, and freeze–thaw test were performed to investigate the effect of compressive strength development at early ages on frost resistance of concrete. In particular, the ASTM equivalent number of cycles (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) of various locations was estimated based on winter meteorological factors. The results of experiments showed that the frost resistance of concrete at early ages increases with increased compressive strength. The relative dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete of 5.0 MPa showed that it can be maintained above 90% within 18 freeze–thaw cycles. In addition, the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> results showed that a compressive strength of 5.0 MPa can protect concrete from early age frost damage in all investigated locations, indicating that a compressive strength of 5.0 MPa is the minimum required for safe and reliable cold weather concreting. However, for concrete structures subjected to repeated freeze–thaw cycles, it is necessary to select a higher compressive strength value according to the construction condition. |
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| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e5da54da03b64d1fa2d9698b0f7bfc632023-11-24T11:29:09ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-11-011523849010.3390/ma15238490Evaluation of Applicability of Minimum Required Compressive Strength for Cold Weather Concreting Based on Winter Meteorological FactorsJiahui Cui0Nguyen Duc Van1Feng Zhang2Yukio Hama3Division of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran 050-8585, JapanCollege of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran 050-8585, JapanDivision of Sustainable and Environmental Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran 050-8585, JapanCollege of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran 050-8585, JapanIn this paper, we evaluated the applicability of the minimum required compressive strength for cold weather concreting based on winter meteorological factors. In this study, a compressive strength test, dynamic elastic modulus test, hydration degree test, underwater weighing test, and freeze–thaw test were performed to investigate the effect of compressive strength development at early ages on frost resistance of concrete. In particular, the ASTM equivalent number of cycles (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) of various locations was estimated based on winter meteorological factors. The results of experiments showed that the frost resistance of concrete at early ages increases with increased compressive strength. The relative dynamic modulus of elasticity of concrete of 5.0 MPa showed that it can be maintained above 90% within 18 freeze–thaw cycles. In addition, the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>y</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>S</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> results showed that a compressive strength of 5.0 MPa can protect concrete from early age frost damage in all investigated locations, indicating that a compressive strength of 5.0 MPa is the minimum required for safe and reliable cold weather concreting. However, for concrete structures subjected to repeated freeze–thaw cycles, it is necessary to select a higher compressive strength value according to the construction condition.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8490minimum required compressive strengthcold weather concretingearly age frost damagemeteorological factors |
| spellingShingle | Jiahui Cui Nguyen Duc Van Feng Zhang Yukio Hama Evaluation of Applicability of Minimum Required Compressive Strength for Cold Weather Concreting Based on Winter Meteorological Factors Materials minimum required compressive strength cold weather concreting early age frost damage meteorological factors |
| title | Evaluation of Applicability of Minimum Required Compressive Strength for Cold Weather Concreting Based on Winter Meteorological Factors |
| title_full | Evaluation of Applicability of Minimum Required Compressive Strength for Cold Weather Concreting Based on Winter Meteorological Factors |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Applicability of Minimum Required Compressive Strength for Cold Weather Concreting Based on Winter Meteorological Factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Applicability of Minimum Required Compressive Strength for Cold Weather Concreting Based on Winter Meteorological Factors |
| title_short | Evaluation of Applicability of Minimum Required Compressive Strength for Cold Weather Concreting Based on Winter Meteorological Factors |
| title_sort | evaluation of applicability of minimum required compressive strength for cold weather concreting based on winter meteorological factors |
| topic | minimum required compressive strength cold weather concreting early age frost damage meteorological factors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8490 |
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