Embedding Thiophene-Amide into g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Skeleton with Induction and Delocalization Effects for High Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution
Molecular skeleton modification has become a recognized method that can effectively improve the photocatalytic performance of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> because it not only effectively promotes charge separation, but also tunes the conjugated system of g-C<sub>3</s...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/9/1043 |
| _version_ | 1797490166220193792 |
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| author | Shuang Tang Yang-Sen Xu Wei-De Zhang |
| author_facet | Shuang Tang Yang-Sen Xu Wei-De Zhang |
| author_sort | Shuang Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Molecular skeleton modification has become a recognized method that can effectively improve the photocatalytic performance of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> because it not only effectively promotes charge separation, but also tunes the conjugated system of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> to make it more conducive to photocatalytic reaction. Herein, thiophene-amide embedded g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> (TA-CN-x) was successfully prepared by simple one-step thermal polycondensation using urea as a precursor and ethyl-2-amino-4-phenylthiophene-3-carboxylate (EAPC) as an additive. After embedding with thiophene-amide, the induction and delocalization effects are formed in TA-CN-x, which significantly improves the migration efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers. Meanwhile, the conjugate structure is changed due to structural modification, resulting in significant enhancement of visible light absorption compared to the pure g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> (CN). Specifically, the optimized photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution rate of TA-CN-2 reaches 245.4 μmol·h<sup>−1</sup>, which is 8.4 times that of CN (with Pt nanoparticles as a co-catalyst), and the apparent quantum efficiency (AQY) at 450 nm is 13.6%. This work opens up a new modification process for fully tapping the photocatalytic hydrogen absorption potential of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-based materials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:28:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e5e10abb00f942d5a937e1e741e7a3e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:28:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-e5e10abb00f942d5a937e1e741e7a3e32023-11-23T15:31:26ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442022-09-01129104310.3390/catal12091043Embedding Thiophene-Amide into g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Skeleton with Induction and Delocalization Effects for High Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> EvolutionShuang Tang0Yang-Sen Xu1Wei-De Zhang2School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaInstitute of Information Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaMolecular skeleton modification has become a recognized method that can effectively improve the photocatalytic performance of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> because it not only effectively promotes charge separation, but also tunes the conjugated system of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> to make it more conducive to photocatalytic reaction. Herein, thiophene-amide embedded g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> (TA-CN-x) was successfully prepared by simple one-step thermal polycondensation using urea as a precursor and ethyl-2-amino-4-phenylthiophene-3-carboxylate (EAPC) as an additive. After embedding with thiophene-amide, the induction and delocalization effects are formed in TA-CN-x, which significantly improves the migration efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers. Meanwhile, the conjugate structure is changed due to structural modification, resulting in significant enhancement of visible light absorption compared to the pure g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> (CN). Specifically, the optimized photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution rate of TA-CN-2 reaches 245.4 μmol·h<sup>−1</sup>, which is 8.4 times that of CN (with Pt nanoparticles as a co-catalyst), and the apparent quantum efficiency (AQY) at 450 nm is 13.6%. This work opens up a new modification process for fully tapping the photocatalytic hydrogen absorption potential of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-based materials.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/9/1043photocatalystsg-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>thiophene-amideembeddinginduction effectdelocalization effect |
| spellingShingle | Shuang Tang Yang-Sen Xu Wei-De Zhang Embedding Thiophene-Amide into g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Skeleton with Induction and Delocalization Effects for High Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution Catalysts photocatalysts g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> thiophene-amide embedding induction effect delocalization effect |
| title | Embedding Thiophene-Amide into g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Skeleton with Induction and Delocalization Effects for High Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution |
| title_full | Embedding Thiophene-Amide into g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Skeleton with Induction and Delocalization Effects for High Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution |
| title_fullStr | Embedding Thiophene-Amide into g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Skeleton with Induction and Delocalization Effects for High Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Embedding Thiophene-Amide into g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Skeleton with Induction and Delocalization Effects for High Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution |
| title_short | Embedding Thiophene-Amide into g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Skeleton with Induction and Delocalization Effects for High Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution |
| title_sort | embedding thiophene amide into g c sub 3 sub n sub 4 sub skeleton with induction and delocalization effects for high photocatalytic h sub 2 sub evolution |
| topic | photocatalysts g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> thiophene-amide embedding induction effect delocalization effect |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/9/1043 |
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