Anaemia in Lambs Caused by <em>Mycoplasma ovis</em>: Global and Australian Perspectives
<i>Mycoplasma ovis</i> (formerly <i>Eperythrozoon ovis</i>) is a haemotropic parasitic bacterium found within erythrocytes and distributed widely in global sheep and goat production regions. <i>M. ovis</i> is transmitted by biting flies and by contaminated instrum...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/11/1372 |
| _version_ | 1797494420804730880 |
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| author | Peter A. Windsor |
| author_facet | Peter A. Windsor |
| author_sort | Peter A. Windsor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Mycoplasma ovis</i> (formerly <i>Eperythrozoon ovis</i>) is a haemotropic parasitic bacterium found within erythrocytes and distributed widely in global sheep and goat production regions. <i>M. ovis</i> is transmitted by biting flies and by contaminated instruments, causing morbidity and mortalities from anaemia, usually within 6 weeks following blood-exposure procedures, particularly vaccination, castration, ear tagging, mulesing, and occasionally crutching and shearing. Affected animals develop haemolytic anaemia and may have jaundice, causing abattoir condemnations. The typical history, clinical and pathological findings, display of <i>M. ovis</i> in blood smears and/or by PCR is diagnostic, although immune responses deplete <i>M. ovis</i> from smears; hence, in-contact healthy animals should be examined. Differential diagnoses include haemonchosis, fasciolosis, malnutrition (copper or vitamin B12 deficiency), and plant toxicities. <i>M. ovis</i> parasitaemia may persist, with recrudescence following stressful events, although most older sheep remain immune. Human infections have been reported. Inadequate socioeconomic data present difficulties in assessing the impact of <i>M. ovis</i> on production and as antimicrobial therapy is ineffective, its control requires management practices that minimize the impact of invasive procedures in periods when risks of <i>M. ovis</i> transmission are more likely. Although considered an emerging pathogen, recent improvements in welfare attitudes and husbandry practices on Australian sheep farms may potentially limit the transmission of <i>M. ovis.</i> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:34:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e5e3840795ba4f6d8f48ba332d7b2e89 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:34:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-e5e3840795ba4f6d8f48ba332d7b2e892023-11-23T13:37:14ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-05-011211137210.3390/ani12111372Anaemia in Lambs Caused by <em>Mycoplasma ovis</em>: Global and Australian PerspectivesPeter A. Windsor0Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia<i>Mycoplasma ovis</i> (formerly <i>Eperythrozoon ovis</i>) is a haemotropic parasitic bacterium found within erythrocytes and distributed widely in global sheep and goat production regions. <i>M. ovis</i> is transmitted by biting flies and by contaminated instruments, causing morbidity and mortalities from anaemia, usually within 6 weeks following blood-exposure procedures, particularly vaccination, castration, ear tagging, mulesing, and occasionally crutching and shearing. Affected animals develop haemolytic anaemia and may have jaundice, causing abattoir condemnations. The typical history, clinical and pathological findings, display of <i>M. ovis</i> in blood smears and/or by PCR is diagnostic, although immune responses deplete <i>M. ovis</i> from smears; hence, in-contact healthy animals should be examined. Differential diagnoses include haemonchosis, fasciolosis, malnutrition (copper or vitamin B12 deficiency), and plant toxicities. <i>M. ovis</i> parasitaemia may persist, with recrudescence following stressful events, although most older sheep remain immune. Human infections have been reported. Inadequate socioeconomic data present difficulties in assessing the impact of <i>M. ovis</i> on production and as antimicrobial therapy is ineffective, its control requires management practices that minimize the impact of invasive procedures in periods when risks of <i>M. ovis</i> transmission are more likely. Although considered an emerging pathogen, recent improvements in welfare attitudes and husbandry practices on Australian sheep farms may potentially limit the transmission of <i>M. ovis.</i>https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/11/1372<i>Mycoplama ovis</i>haemoparasitessheepdiagnosisrisk factorsmanagement |
| spellingShingle | Peter A. Windsor Anaemia in Lambs Caused by <em>Mycoplasma ovis</em>: Global and Australian Perspectives Animals <i>Mycoplama ovis</i> haemoparasites sheep diagnosis risk factors management |
| title | Anaemia in Lambs Caused by <em>Mycoplasma ovis</em>: Global and Australian Perspectives |
| title_full | Anaemia in Lambs Caused by <em>Mycoplasma ovis</em>: Global and Australian Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Anaemia in Lambs Caused by <em>Mycoplasma ovis</em>: Global and Australian Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anaemia in Lambs Caused by <em>Mycoplasma ovis</em>: Global and Australian Perspectives |
| title_short | Anaemia in Lambs Caused by <em>Mycoplasma ovis</em>: Global and Australian Perspectives |
| title_sort | anaemia in lambs caused by em mycoplasma ovis em global and australian perspectives |
| topic | <i>Mycoplama ovis</i> haemoparasites sheep diagnosis risk factors management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/11/1372 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT peterawindsor anaemiainlambscausedbyemmycoplasmaovisemglobalandaustralianperspectives |