PVP/CS/<em>Phyllanthus emblica</em> Nanofiber Membranes for Dry Facial Masks: Manufacturing Process and Evaluations

In the wake of increasing demands on skin health, we propose simple, natural, and safe dry facial masks that restrict melanin synthesis. <i>Phyllanthus emblica</i> (<i>P. emblica</i>) is made into powders via a low-temperature extraction and freeze-drying process to serve as...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jian-Hong Lin, Bing-Chiuan Shiu, Po-Wen Hsu, Ching-Wen Lou, Jia-Horng Lin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-10-01
Series:Polymers
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/21/4470
Description
Summary:In the wake of increasing demands on skin health, we propose simple, natural, and safe dry facial masks that restrict melanin synthesis. <i>Phyllanthus emblica</i> (<i>P. emblica</i>) is made into powders via a low-temperature extraction and freeze-drying process to serve as a natural agent. Next, it is added to mixtures containing Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and Chitosan (CS), after which the blends are electrospun into PVP/CS/<i>P. emblica</i> nanofiber membrane dry facial masks using the electrospinning technique. The dry facial masks are evaluated using the calibration analysis method, extraction rate test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), release rate test, tyrosinase inhibition assay, biocompatibility test, and anti-inflammatory capacity test. Test results indicate that when the electrospinning mixture contains 29.0% <i>P. emblica</i>, the nanofibers have a diameter of ≤214.27 ± 74.51 nm and a water contact angle of 77.25 ± 2.21. <i>P. emblica</i> is completely released in twenty minutes, and the tyrosinase inhibition rate reaches 99.53 ± 0.45% and the cell activity ≥82.60 ± 1.30%. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory capacity test results suggest that dry facial masks confine inflammatory factors. PVP/CS/<i>P. emblica</i> nanofiber dry facial masks demonstrate excellent tyrosinase inhibition and are hydrophilic, biocompatible, and inflammation-free. The dry facial masks are a suitable material that is worthwhile exploring and applying to the cosmetic field.
ISSN:2073-4360