Effects of stent shape on focal hemodynamics in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: A simulation study with computational fluid dynamics modeling
Background and aimsThe shape of a stent could influence focal hemodynamics and subsequently plaque growth or in-stent restenosis in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). In this preliminary study, we aim to investigate the associations between stent shapes and focal hemodynamics in ICAS, usi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.1067566/full |
| _version_ | 1811184489471148032 |
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| author | Haipeng Liu Haipeng Liu Haipeng Liu Yu Liu Bonaventure Y. M. Ip Sze Ho Ma Jill Abrigo Yannie O. Y. Soo Thomas W. Leung Xinyi Leng |
| author_facet | Haipeng Liu Haipeng Liu Haipeng Liu Yu Liu Bonaventure Y. M. Ip Sze Ho Ma Jill Abrigo Yannie O. Y. Soo Thomas W. Leung Xinyi Leng |
| author_sort | Haipeng Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and aimsThe shape of a stent could influence focal hemodynamics and subsequently plaque growth or in-stent restenosis in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). In this preliminary study, we aim to investigate the associations between stent shapes and focal hemodynamics in ICAS, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with manually manipulated stents of different shapes.MethodsWe built an idealized artery model, and reconstructed four patient-specific models of ICAS. In each model, three variations of stent geometry (i.e., enlarged, inner-narrowed, and outer-narrowed) were developed. We performed static CFD simulation on the idealized model and three patient-specific models, and transient CFD simulation of three cardiac cycles on one patient-specific model. Pressure, wall shear stress (WSS), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) filtration rate were quantified in the CFD models, and compared between models with an inner- or outer-narrowed stent vs. an enlarged stent. The absolute difference in each hemodynamic parameter was obtained by subtracting values from two models; a normalized difference (ND) was calculated as the ratio of the absolute difference and the value in the enlarged stent model, both area-averaged throughout the arterial wall.ResultsThe differences in focal pressure in models with different stent geometry were negligible (ND<1% for all cases). However, there were significant differences in the WSS and LDL filtration rate with different stent geometry, with ND >20% in a static model. Observable differences in WSS and LDL filtration rate mainly appeared in area adjacent to and immediately distal to the stent. In the transient simulation, the LDL filtration rate had milder temporal fluctuations than WSS.ConclusionsThe stent geometry might influence the focal WSS and LDL filtration rate in ICAS, with negligible effect on pressure. Future studies are warranted to verify the relevance of the changes in these hemodynamic parameters in governing plaque growth and possibly in-stent restenosis in ICAS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:13:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e5fd8aa27d6f400daebb9c7f4c5d5fc4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:13:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e5fd8aa27d6f400daebb9c7f4c5d5fc42022-12-22T04:22:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952022-12-011310.3389/fneur.2022.10675661067566Effects of stent shape on focal hemodynamics in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: A simulation study with computational fluid dynamics modelingHaipeng Liu0Haipeng Liu1Haipeng Liu2Yu Liu3Bonaventure Y. M. Ip4Sze Ho Ma5Jill Abrigo6Yannie O. Y. Soo7Thomas W. Leung8Xinyi Leng9Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaResearch Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United KingdomDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaBackground and aimsThe shape of a stent could influence focal hemodynamics and subsequently plaque growth or in-stent restenosis in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). In this preliminary study, we aim to investigate the associations between stent shapes and focal hemodynamics in ICAS, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations with manually manipulated stents of different shapes.MethodsWe built an idealized artery model, and reconstructed four patient-specific models of ICAS. In each model, three variations of stent geometry (i.e., enlarged, inner-narrowed, and outer-narrowed) were developed. We performed static CFD simulation on the idealized model and three patient-specific models, and transient CFD simulation of three cardiac cycles on one patient-specific model. Pressure, wall shear stress (WSS), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) filtration rate were quantified in the CFD models, and compared between models with an inner- or outer-narrowed stent vs. an enlarged stent. The absolute difference in each hemodynamic parameter was obtained by subtracting values from two models; a normalized difference (ND) was calculated as the ratio of the absolute difference and the value in the enlarged stent model, both area-averaged throughout the arterial wall.ResultsThe differences in focal pressure in models with different stent geometry were negligible (ND<1% for all cases). However, there were significant differences in the WSS and LDL filtration rate with different stent geometry, with ND >20% in a static model. Observable differences in WSS and LDL filtration rate mainly appeared in area adjacent to and immediately distal to the stent. In the transient simulation, the LDL filtration rate had milder temporal fluctuations than WSS.ConclusionsThe stent geometry might influence the focal WSS and LDL filtration rate in ICAS, with negligible effect on pressure. Future studies are warranted to verify the relevance of the changes in these hemodynamic parameters in governing plaque growth and possibly in-stent restenosis in ICAS.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.1067566/fullintracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS)stent geometryin-stent restenosis (ISR)hemodynamicscomputational fluid dynamics (CFD)wall shear stress (WSS) |
| spellingShingle | Haipeng Liu Haipeng Liu Haipeng Liu Yu Liu Bonaventure Y. M. Ip Sze Ho Ma Jill Abrigo Yannie O. Y. Soo Thomas W. Leung Xinyi Leng Effects of stent shape on focal hemodynamics in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: A simulation study with computational fluid dynamics modeling Frontiers in Neurology intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) stent geometry in-stent restenosis (ISR) hemodynamics computational fluid dynamics (CFD) wall shear stress (WSS) |
| title | Effects of stent shape on focal hemodynamics in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: A simulation study with computational fluid dynamics modeling |
| title_full | Effects of stent shape on focal hemodynamics in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: A simulation study with computational fluid dynamics modeling |
| title_fullStr | Effects of stent shape on focal hemodynamics in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: A simulation study with computational fluid dynamics modeling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of stent shape on focal hemodynamics in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: A simulation study with computational fluid dynamics modeling |
| title_short | Effects of stent shape on focal hemodynamics in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: A simulation study with computational fluid dynamics modeling |
| title_sort | effects of stent shape on focal hemodynamics in intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis a simulation study with computational fluid dynamics modeling |
| topic | intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) stent geometry in-stent restenosis (ISR) hemodynamics computational fluid dynamics (CFD) wall shear stress (WSS) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.1067566/full |
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