Spatial variation and determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practice and its effect on the undernutrition of infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia by using the Ethiopian Mini-demographic and health survey, 2019: spatial and multilevel analysis
BackgroundInappropriate complementary feeding practices (IACFPs) are major public health issues in Ethiopia, which usually result in stunting and becoming an intergenerational cycle. However, the spatial patterns and determinants of IACFP and its effect on undernutrition are not well understood in E...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158397/full |
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| author | Nebiyu Mekonnen Derseh Daniel Alayu Shewaye Muluken Chanie Agimas Meron Asmamaw Alemayehu Fantu Mamo Aragaw |
| author_facet | Nebiyu Mekonnen Derseh Daniel Alayu Shewaye Muluken Chanie Agimas Meron Asmamaw Alemayehu Fantu Mamo Aragaw |
| author_sort | Nebiyu Mekonnen Derseh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundInappropriate complementary feeding practices (IACFPs) are major public health issues in Ethiopia, which usually result in stunting and becoming an intergenerational cycle. However, the spatial patterns and determinants of IACFP and its effect on undernutrition are not well understood in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the spatial patterns and determinants of IACFPs and their effects on the undernutrition of infants and young children (IYC) in Ethiopia.MethodsThis was a nationwide community-based survey study among 1,463 mothers of IYC aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia. The global spatial autocorrelation was assessed using the global Moran’s-I to evaluate the spatial clustering of IACFPs. Significant clusters with high and low rates of IACFPs were explored. A multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression with cluster-level random effects was fitted to identify determinants of IACFPs with an AOR and 95% CI.ResultsThe prevalence of IACFPs was 90.22%. The spatial pattern of IACFP in Ethiopia was clustered across regions (Global Moran’s I = 0.63, Z-score = 12.77, value of p ≤0.001). Clusters with a high rate of IACFP were detected in southern, northwest, and eastern Ethiopia. Individual and community-level variables accounted for 63% of IACFP variation. Mothers with no education were 3.97 times (AOR = 3.97; 95% CI: 1.64–9.60) more likely to have IACFPs than those with higher education. The poorest HHs had 4.80 times the odds of having IACFPs as the richest HHs (AOR = 4.80, 95% CI: 1.23–18.71). The odds of having IACFPs were 2.18 times (AOR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.28–3.72) higher among babies with no postnatal checkup. Non-breastfed IYC were 2.8 times (AOR = 2.80; 95% CI: 1.29–6.10) more likely to have IACFP when compared with breastfed ones. IYC with the inadequate introduction of solid, semi-solid, and soft foods, inadequate minimum dietary diversity, and inadequate minimum acceptable diet were more likely to have wasting, underweight, and stunting.ConclusionThis study showed the prevalence of IACFPs was very high, which had an effect on undernutrition and showed spatial variation in Ethiopia. Therefore, the government of Ethiopia and stakeholders should focus on women with no education and the poorest HHs, encourage PNC checkups, and encourage breastfeeding in the hotspot areas to minimize IACFPs in Ethiopia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:07:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e601fa77d3ce4990834c06e21664858f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T15:07:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-e601fa77d3ce4990834c06e21664858f2023-10-30T04:49:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652023-10-011110.3389/fpubh.2023.11583971158397Spatial variation and determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practice and its effect on the undernutrition of infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia by using the Ethiopian Mini-demographic and health survey, 2019: spatial and multilevel analysisNebiyu Mekonnen DersehDaniel Alayu ShewayeMuluken Chanie AgimasMeron Asmamaw AlemayehuFantu Mamo AragawBackgroundInappropriate complementary feeding practices (IACFPs) are major public health issues in Ethiopia, which usually result in stunting and becoming an intergenerational cycle. However, the spatial patterns and determinants of IACFP and its effect on undernutrition are not well understood in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the spatial patterns and determinants of IACFPs and their effects on the undernutrition of infants and young children (IYC) in Ethiopia.MethodsThis was a nationwide community-based survey study among 1,463 mothers of IYC aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia. The global spatial autocorrelation was assessed using the global Moran’s-I to evaluate the spatial clustering of IACFPs. Significant clusters with high and low rates of IACFPs were explored. A multilevel mixed-effect logistic regression with cluster-level random effects was fitted to identify determinants of IACFPs with an AOR and 95% CI.ResultsThe prevalence of IACFPs was 90.22%. The spatial pattern of IACFP in Ethiopia was clustered across regions (Global Moran’s I = 0.63, Z-score = 12.77, value of p ≤0.001). Clusters with a high rate of IACFP were detected in southern, northwest, and eastern Ethiopia. Individual and community-level variables accounted for 63% of IACFP variation. Mothers with no education were 3.97 times (AOR = 3.97; 95% CI: 1.64–9.60) more likely to have IACFPs than those with higher education. The poorest HHs had 4.80 times the odds of having IACFPs as the richest HHs (AOR = 4.80, 95% CI: 1.23–18.71). The odds of having IACFPs were 2.18 times (AOR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.28–3.72) higher among babies with no postnatal checkup. Non-breastfed IYC were 2.8 times (AOR = 2.80; 95% CI: 1.29–6.10) more likely to have IACFP when compared with breastfed ones. IYC with the inadequate introduction of solid, semi-solid, and soft foods, inadequate minimum dietary diversity, and inadequate minimum acceptable diet were more likely to have wasting, underweight, and stunting.ConclusionThis study showed the prevalence of IACFPs was very high, which had an effect on undernutrition and showed spatial variation in Ethiopia. Therefore, the government of Ethiopia and stakeholders should focus on women with no education and the poorest HHs, encourage PNC checkups, and encourage breastfeeding in the hotspot areas to minimize IACFPs in Ethiopia.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158397/fullspatial variationinappropriate complementary feeding practiceinfants and young childrenundernutritionEthiopiaspatial and multilevel analysis |
| spellingShingle | Nebiyu Mekonnen Derseh Daniel Alayu Shewaye Muluken Chanie Agimas Meron Asmamaw Alemayehu Fantu Mamo Aragaw Spatial variation and determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practice and its effect on the undernutrition of infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia by using the Ethiopian Mini-demographic and health survey, 2019: spatial and multilevel analysis Frontiers in Public Health spatial variation inappropriate complementary feeding practice infants and young children undernutrition Ethiopia spatial and multilevel analysis |
| title | Spatial variation and determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practice and its effect on the undernutrition of infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia by using the Ethiopian Mini-demographic and health survey, 2019: spatial and multilevel analysis |
| title_full | Spatial variation and determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practice and its effect on the undernutrition of infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia by using the Ethiopian Mini-demographic and health survey, 2019: spatial and multilevel analysis |
| title_fullStr | Spatial variation and determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practice and its effect on the undernutrition of infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia by using the Ethiopian Mini-demographic and health survey, 2019: spatial and multilevel analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial variation and determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practice and its effect on the undernutrition of infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia by using the Ethiopian Mini-demographic and health survey, 2019: spatial and multilevel analysis |
| title_short | Spatial variation and determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practice and its effect on the undernutrition of infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia by using the Ethiopian Mini-demographic and health survey, 2019: spatial and multilevel analysis |
| title_sort | spatial variation and determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practice and its effect on the undernutrition of infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months in ethiopia by using the ethiopian mini demographic and health survey 2019 spatial and multilevel analysis |
| topic | spatial variation inappropriate complementary feeding practice infants and young children undernutrition Ethiopia spatial and multilevel analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158397/full |
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