The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study
Recent studies have accumulated evidence that the intestinal environment is strongly correlated with host diet, which influences host health. A number of dietary products whose mechanisms of influence operate via the gut microbiota have been revealed, but they are still limited. Here, we investigate...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.648073/full |
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| author | Yuichiro Nishimoto Tatsuhiro Nomaguchi Yuka Mori Masaki Ito Yuya Nakamura Masaki Fujishima Shinnosuke Murakami Shinnosuke Murakami Takuji Yamada Takuji Yamada Shinji Fukuda Shinji Fukuda Shinji Fukuda Shinji Fukuda |
| author_facet | Yuichiro Nishimoto Tatsuhiro Nomaguchi Yuka Mori Masaki Ito Yuya Nakamura Masaki Fujishima Shinnosuke Murakami Shinnosuke Murakami Takuji Yamada Takuji Yamada Shinji Fukuda Shinji Fukuda Shinji Fukuda Shinji Fukuda |
| author_sort | Yuichiro Nishimoto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent studies have accumulated evidence that the intestinal environment is strongly correlated with host diet, which influences host health. A number of dietary products whose mechanisms of influence operate via the gut microbiota have been revealed, but they are still limited. Here, we investigated the dietary influence of Chlorella, a green alga commercially available as a dietary supplement. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial including 40 Japanese participants with constipation was performed. In this study, the primary outcome and secondary outcome were set as defecation frequency and blood folate level, respectively. In both outcomes, no significant differences were detected compared to the control intake. Therefore, we analysed the gut microbiome, gut metabolome, and blood parameters in an integrated manner as an exploratory analysis. We revealed that the consumption of Chlorella increased the level of several dicarboxylic acids in faeces. Furthermore, the analysis showed that individuals with low concentrations of faecal propionate showed an increase in propionate concentration upon Chlorella intake. In addition, increasing blood folate levels were negatively correlated with defecation frequency at baseline. Our study suggested that the effect of Chlorella consumption varies among individuals depending on their intestinal environment, which illustrates the importance of stratified dietary management based on the intestinal environment in individuals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T11:36:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e61a8ea09b094ddd956f69c08cc386b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T11:36:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-e61a8ea09b094ddd956f69c08cc386b52022-12-21T22:33:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2021-05-01810.3389/fnut.2021.648073648073The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control StudyYuichiro Nishimoto0Tatsuhiro Nomaguchi1Yuka Mori2Masaki Ito3Yuya Nakamura4Masaki Fujishima5Shinnosuke Murakami6Shinnosuke Murakami7Takuji Yamada8Takuji Yamada9Shinji Fukuda10Shinji Fukuda11Shinji Fukuda12Shinji Fukuda13Metabologenomics, Inc., Tsuruoka, JapanMetabologenomics, Inc., Tsuruoka, JapanMetabologenomics, Inc., Tsuruoka, JapanMetabologenomics, Inc., Tsuruoka, JapanMetabologenomics, Inc., Tsuruoka, JapanSun Chlorella Corp., Kyoko, JapanMetabologenomics, Inc., Tsuruoka, JapanInstitute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, JapanMetabologenomics, Inc., Tsuruoka, JapanDepartment of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, JapanMetabologenomics, Inc., Tsuruoka, JapanInstitute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, JapanIntestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, JapanTransborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, JapanRecent studies have accumulated evidence that the intestinal environment is strongly correlated with host diet, which influences host health. A number of dietary products whose mechanisms of influence operate via the gut microbiota have been revealed, but they are still limited. Here, we investigated the dietary influence of Chlorella, a green alga commercially available as a dietary supplement. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial including 40 Japanese participants with constipation was performed. In this study, the primary outcome and secondary outcome were set as defecation frequency and blood folate level, respectively. In both outcomes, no significant differences were detected compared to the control intake. Therefore, we analysed the gut microbiome, gut metabolome, and blood parameters in an integrated manner as an exploratory analysis. We revealed that the consumption of Chlorella increased the level of several dicarboxylic acids in faeces. Furthermore, the analysis showed that individuals with low concentrations of faecal propionate showed an increase in propionate concentration upon Chlorella intake. In addition, increasing blood folate levels were negatively correlated with defecation frequency at baseline. Our study suggested that the effect of Chlorella consumption varies among individuals depending on their intestinal environment, which illustrates the importance of stratified dietary management based on the intestinal environment in individuals.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.648073/fullprebiotics (sources:MeSH)gut microbiomegut metabolomedietary fibreChlorella |
| spellingShingle | Yuichiro Nishimoto Tatsuhiro Nomaguchi Yuka Mori Masaki Ito Yuya Nakamura Masaki Fujishima Shinnosuke Murakami Shinnosuke Murakami Takuji Yamada Takuji Yamada Shinji Fukuda Shinji Fukuda Shinji Fukuda Shinji Fukuda The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study Frontiers in Nutrition prebiotics (sources:MeSH) gut microbiome gut metabolome dietary fibre Chlorella |
| title | The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
| title_full | The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
| title_fullStr | The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
| title_short | The Nutritional Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation Depends on the Individual Gut Environment: A Randomised Control Study |
| title_sort | nutritional efficacy of chlorella supplementation depends on the individual gut environment a randomised control study |
| topic | prebiotics (sources:MeSH) gut microbiome gut metabolome dietary fibre Chlorella |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.648073/full |
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