Effects of Maca on Muscle Hypertrophy in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells
With aging, sarcopenia and the associated locomotor disorders, have become serious problems. The roots of maca contain active ingredients (triterpenes) that have a preventive effect on sarcopenia. However, the effect of maca on muscle hypertrophy has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/12/6825 |
| _version_ | 1797486397582475264 |
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| author | Dong Yi Maki Yoshikawa Takeshi Sugimoto Keigo Tomoo Yoko Okada Takeshi Hashimoto |
| author_facet | Dong Yi Maki Yoshikawa Takeshi Sugimoto Keigo Tomoo Yoko Okada Takeshi Hashimoto |
| author_sort | Dong Yi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With aging, sarcopenia and the associated locomotor disorders, have become serious problems. The roots of maca contain active ingredients (triterpenes) that have a preventive effect on sarcopenia. However, the effect of maca on muscle hypertrophy has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the effects and mechanism of maca on muscle hypertrophy by adding different concentrations of yellow maca (0.1 mg/mL and 0.2 mg/mL) to C2C12 skeletal muscle cell culture. Two days after differentiation, maca was added for two days of incubation. The muscle diameter, area, differentiation index, and multinucleation, were assessed by immunostaining, and the expression levels of the proteins related to muscle protein synthesis/degradation were examined by Western blotting. Compared with the control group, the muscle diameter and area of the myotubes in the maca groups were significantly increased, and the cell differentiation index and multinucleation were significantly higher in the maca groups. Phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR was elevated in the maca groups. Maca also promoted the phosphorylation of AMPK. These results suggest that maca may promote muscle hypertrophy, differentiation, and maturation, potentially via the muscle hypertrophic signaling pathways such as Akt and mTOR, while exploring other pathways are needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:32:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e62221ec49604a07bbb695edc85fd964 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:32:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e62221ec49604a07bbb695edc85fd9642023-11-23T17:07:29ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-06-012312682510.3390/ijms23126825Effects of Maca on Muscle Hypertrophy in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle CellsDong Yi0Maki Yoshikawa1Takeshi Sugimoto2Keigo Tomoo3Yoko Okada4Takeshi Hashimoto5Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, JapanFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, JapanFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, JapanFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, JapanFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, JapanFaculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu 525-8577, JapanWith aging, sarcopenia and the associated locomotor disorders, have become serious problems. The roots of maca contain active ingredients (triterpenes) that have a preventive effect on sarcopenia. However, the effect of maca on muscle hypertrophy has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine the effects and mechanism of maca on muscle hypertrophy by adding different concentrations of yellow maca (0.1 mg/mL and 0.2 mg/mL) to C2C12 skeletal muscle cell culture. Two days after differentiation, maca was added for two days of incubation. The muscle diameter, area, differentiation index, and multinucleation, were assessed by immunostaining, and the expression levels of the proteins related to muscle protein synthesis/degradation were examined by Western blotting. Compared with the control group, the muscle diameter and area of the myotubes in the maca groups were significantly increased, and the cell differentiation index and multinucleation were significantly higher in the maca groups. Phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR was elevated in the maca groups. Maca also promoted the phosphorylation of AMPK. These results suggest that maca may promote muscle hypertrophy, differentiation, and maturation, potentially via the muscle hypertrophic signaling pathways such as Akt and mTOR, while exploring other pathways are needed.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/12/6825macasarcopeniamuscle hypertrophyagingprotein |
| spellingShingle | Dong Yi Maki Yoshikawa Takeshi Sugimoto Keigo Tomoo Yoko Okada Takeshi Hashimoto Effects of Maca on Muscle Hypertrophy in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences maca sarcopenia muscle hypertrophy aging protein |
| title | Effects of Maca on Muscle Hypertrophy in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells |
| title_full | Effects of Maca on Muscle Hypertrophy in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Maca on Muscle Hypertrophy in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Maca on Muscle Hypertrophy in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells |
| title_short | Effects of Maca on Muscle Hypertrophy in C2C12 Skeletal Muscle Cells |
| title_sort | effects of maca on muscle hypertrophy in c2c12 skeletal muscle cells |
| topic | maca sarcopenia muscle hypertrophy aging protein |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/12/6825 |
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