Microbial Regulation of Deterioration and Preservation of Salted Kelp under Different Temperature and Salinity Conditions
High salinity is an effective measure to preserve kelp, but salted kelp can still deteriorate after long-term preservation. In order to clarify the key conditions and microbial behavior of salted kelp preservation, 10% (S10), 20% (S20), and 30% (S30) salt concentrations were evaluated at 25 °C (T25)...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/8/1723 |
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| author | Wei Wei Xin Zhang Zhaozhi Hou Xinyu Hu Yuan Wang Caizheng Wang Shujing Yang Henglin Cui Lin Zhu |
| author_facet | Wei Wei Xin Zhang Zhaozhi Hou Xinyu Hu Yuan Wang Caizheng Wang Shujing Yang Henglin Cui Lin Zhu |
| author_sort | Wei Wei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High salinity is an effective measure to preserve kelp, but salted kelp can still deteriorate after long-term preservation. In order to clarify the key conditions and microbial behavior of salted kelp preservation, 10% (S10), 20% (S20), and 30% (S30) salt concentrations were evaluated at 25 °C (T25) and 4 °C (T4). After 30 days storage, these salted kelps showed different states including rot (T25S10), softening (T25S20), and undamaged (other samples). By detecting polysaccharide lyase activity and performing high-throughput sequencing of the prokaryotic 16S rRNA sequence and metagenome, we found that deteriorated kelps (T25S10 and T25S20) had significantly higher alginate lyase activity and bacterial relative abundance than other undamaged samples. <i>Dyella</i>, <i>Saccharophagus</i>, <i>Halomonas</i>, <i>Aromatoleum</i>, <i>Ulvibacter</i>, <i>Rhodopirellula</i>, and <i>Microbulbifer</i> were annotated with genes encoding endonuclease-type alginate lyases, while <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Thiobacillus</i> were annotated as the exonuclease type. Additionally, no alginate lyase activity was detected in undamaged kelps, whose dominant microorganisms were halophilic archaea without alginate lyase-encoding genes. These results indicated that room-temperature storage may promote salted kelp deterioration due to the secretion of bacterial alginate lyase, while ultra-high-salinity and low-temperature storage can inhibit bacterial alginate lyase and promote the growth of halophilic archaea without alginate lyase, thus achieving the preservation of salted kelp. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:50:12Z |
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| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:50:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-e62b314d10424946a265225084541bd72023-11-22T07:37:51ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-07-01108172310.3390/foods10081723Microbial Regulation of Deterioration and Preservation of Salted Kelp under Different Temperature and Salinity ConditionsWei Wei0Xin Zhang1Zhaozhi Hou2Xinyu Hu3Yuan Wang4Caizheng Wang5Shujing Yang6Henglin Cui7Lin Zhu8School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaHigh salinity is an effective measure to preserve kelp, but salted kelp can still deteriorate after long-term preservation. In order to clarify the key conditions and microbial behavior of salted kelp preservation, 10% (S10), 20% (S20), and 30% (S30) salt concentrations were evaluated at 25 °C (T25) and 4 °C (T4). After 30 days storage, these salted kelps showed different states including rot (T25S10), softening (T25S20), and undamaged (other samples). By detecting polysaccharide lyase activity and performing high-throughput sequencing of the prokaryotic 16S rRNA sequence and metagenome, we found that deteriorated kelps (T25S10 and T25S20) had significantly higher alginate lyase activity and bacterial relative abundance than other undamaged samples. <i>Dyella</i>, <i>Saccharophagus</i>, <i>Halomonas</i>, <i>Aromatoleum</i>, <i>Ulvibacter</i>, <i>Rhodopirellula</i>, and <i>Microbulbifer</i> were annotated with genes encoding endonuclease-type alginate lyases, while <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Thiobacillus</i> were annotated as the exonuclease type. Additionally, no alginate lyase activity was detected in undamaged kelps, whose dominant microorganisms were halophilic archaea without alginate lyase-encoding genes. These results indicated that room-temperature storage may promote salted kelp deterioration due to the secretion of bacterial alginate lyase, while ultra-high-salinity and low-temperature storage can inhibit bacterial alginate lyase and promote the growth of halophilic archaea without alginate lyase, thus achieving the preservation of salted kelp.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/8/1723salted kelpalginate lyasehalophilic archaeametagenome |
| spellingShingle | Wei Wei Xin Zhang Zhaozhi Hou Xinyu Hu Yuan Wang Caizheng Wang Shujing Yang Henglin Cui Lin Zhu Microbial Regulation of Deterioration and Preservation of Salted Kelp under Different Temperature and Salinity Conditions Foods salted kelp alginate lyase halophilic archaea metagenome |
| title | Microbial Regulation of Deterioration and Preservation of Salted Kelp under Different Temperature and Salinity Conditions |
| title_full | Microbial Regulation of Deterioration and Preservation of Salted Kelp under Different Temperature and Salinity Conditions |
| title_fullStr | Microbial Regulation of Deterioration and Preservation of Salted Kelp under Different Temperature and Salinity Conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbial Regulation of Deterioration and Preservation of Salted Kelp under Different Temperature and Salinity Conditions |
| title_short | Microbial Regulation of Deterioration and Preservation of Salted Kelp under Different Temperature and Salinity Conditions |
| title_sort | microbial regulation of deterioration and preservation of salted kelp under different temperature and salinity conditions |
| topic | salted kelp alginate lyase halophilic archaea metagenome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/8/1723 |
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