Regulation of Eosinophilia in Asthma—New Therapeutic Approaches for Asthma Treatment
Asthma is a complex and chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, bronchospasm, and airway eosinophilia. As the pathophysiology of asthma is becoming clearer, the identification of new valuable drug targets is emerg...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | Cells |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/4/817 |
| _version_ | 1797538712463081472 |
|---|---|
| author | Ruth P. Cusack Christiane E. Whetstone Yanqing Xie Maral Ranjbar Gail M. Gauvreau |
| author_facet | Ruth P. Cusack Christiane E. Whetstone Yanqing Xie Maral Ranjbar Gail M. Gauvreau |
| author_sort | Ruth P. Cusack |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Asthma is a complex and chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, bronchospasm, and airway eosinophilia. As the pathophysiology of asthma is becoming clearer, the identification of new valuable drug targets is emerging. IL-5 is one of these such targets because it is the major cytokine supporting eosinophilia and is responsible for terminal differentiation of human eosinophils, regulating eosinophil proliferation, differentiation, maturation, migration, and prevention of cellular apoptosis. Blockade of the IL-5 pathway has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma. However, several other inflammatory pathways have been shown to support eosinophilia, including IL-13, the alarmin cytokines TSLP and IL-33, and the IL-3/5/GM-CSF axis. These and other alternate pathways leading to airway eosinophilia will be described, and the efficacy of therapeutics that have been developed to block these pathways will be evaluated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:35:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e62cb91a1dd14436b3f1af9ea099806e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:35:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-e62cb91a1dd14436b3f1af9ea099806e2023-11-21T14:21:13ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-04-0110481710.3390/cells10040817Regulation of Eosinophilia in Asthma—New Therapeutic Approaches for Asthma TreatmentRuth P. Cusack0Christiane E. Whetstone1Yanqing Xie2Maral Ranjbar3Gail M. Gauvreau4Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaAsthma is a complex and chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, bronchospasm, and airway eosinophilia. As the pathophysiology of asthma is becoming clearer, the identification of new valuable drug targets is emerging. IL-5 is one of these such targets because it is the major cytokine supporting eosinophilia and is responsible for terminal differentiation of human eosinophils, regulating eosinophil proliferation, differentiation, maturation, migration, and prevention of cellular apoptosis. Blockade of the IL-5 pathway has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma. However, several other inflammatory pathways have been shown to support eosinophilia, including IL-13, the alarmin cytokines TSLP and IL-33, and the IL-3/5/GM-CSF axis. These and other alternate pathways leading to airway eosinophilia will be described, and the efficacy of therapeutics that have been developed to block these pathways will be evaluated.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/4/817eosinophilasthmaclinical trialstherapyinflammatory mechanisms |
| spellingShingle | Ruth P. Cusack Christiane E. Whetstone Yanqing Xie Maral Ranjbar Gail M. Gauvreau Regulation of Eosinophilia in Asthma—New Therapeutic Approaches for Asthma Treatment Cells eosinophil asthma clinical trials therapy inflammatory mechanisms |
| title | Regulation of Eosinophilia in Asthma—New Therapeutic Approaches for Asthma Treatment |
| title_full | Regulation of Eosinophilia in Asthma—New Therapeutic Approaches for Asthma Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of Eosinophilia in Asthma—New Therapeutic Approaches for Asthma Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Eosinophilia in Asthma—New Therapeutic Approaches for Asthma Treatment |
| title_short | Regulation of Eosinophilia in Asthma—New Therapeutic Approaches for Asthma Treatment |
| title_sort | regulation of eosinophilia in asthma new therapeutic approaches for asthma treatment |
| topic | eosinophil asthma clinical trials therapy inflammatory mechanisms |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/4/817 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ruthpcusack regulationofeosinophiliainasthmanewtherapeuticapproachesforasthmatreatment AT christianeewhetstone regulationofeosinophiliainasthmanewtherapeuticapproachesforasthmatreatment AT yanqingxie regulationofeosinophiliainasthmanewtherapeuticapproachesforasthmatreatment AT maralranjbar regulationofeosinophiliainasthmanewtherapeuticapproachesforasthmatreatment AT gailmgauvreau regulationofeosinophiliainasthmanewtherapeuticapproachesforasthmatreatment |