Experimental Investigation on the Mass Diffusion Behaviors of Calcium Oxide and Carbon in the Solid-State Synthesis of Calcium Carbide by Microwave Heating
Microwave (MW) heating was proven to efficiently solid-synthesize calcium carbide at 1750 °C, which was about 400 °C lower than electric heating. This study focused on the investigation of the diffusion behaviors of graphite and calcium oxide during the solid-state synthesis of calcium carbide by mi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-04-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2568 |
| _version_ | 1827693880221368320 |
|---|---|
| author | Miao Li Siyuan Chen Huan Dai Hong Zhao Biao Jiang |
| author_facet | Miao Li Siyuan Chen Huan Dai Hong Zhao Biao Jiang |
| author_sort | Miao Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microwave (MW) heating was proven to efficiently solid-synthesize calcium carbide at 1750 °C, which was about 400 °C lower than electric heating. This study focused on the investigation of the diffusion behaviors of graphite and calcium oxide during the solid-state synthesis of calcium carbide by microwave heating and compared them with these heated by the conventional method. The phase compositions and morphologies of CaO and C pellets before and after heating were carefully characterized by inductively coupled plasma spectrograph (ICP), thermo gravimetric (TG) analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The experimental results showed that in both thermal fields, Ca and C inter-diffused at a lower temperature, but at a higher temperature, the formed calcium carbide crystals would have a negative effect on Ca diffusion to carbon. The significant enhancement of MW heating on carbon diffusion, thus on the more efficient synthesis of calcium carbide, manifested that MW heating would be a promising way for calcium carbide production, and that a sufficient enough carbon material, instead of CaO, was beneficial for calcium carbide formation in MW reactors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:53:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e62e902bc009448fb8a1fe1245647b03 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:53:31Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-e62e902bc009448fb8a1fe1245647b032023-11-21T17:33:00ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-04-01269256810.3390/molecules26092568Experimental Investigation on the Mass Diffusion Behaviors of Calcium Oxide and Carbon in the Solid-State Synthesis of Calcium Carbide by Microwave HeatingMiao Li0Siyuan Chen1Huan Dai2Hong Zhao3Biao Jiang4Green Chemical Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, ChinaShanghai Green Chemical Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, ChinaGreen Chemical Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, ChinaGreen Chemical Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, ChinaGreen Chemical Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, ChinaMicrowave (MW) heating was proven to efficiently solid-synthesize calcium carbide at 1750 °C, which was about 400 °C lower than electric heating. This study focused on the investigation of the diffusion behaviors of graphite and calcium oxide during the solid-state synthesis of calcium carbide by microwave heating and compared them with these heated by the conventional method. The phase compositions and morphologies of CaO and C pellets before and after heating were carefully characterized by inductively coupled plasma spectrograph (ICP), thermo gravimetric (TG) analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The experimental results showed that in both thermal fields, Ca and C inter-diffused at a lower temperature, but at a higher temperature, the formed calcium carbide crystals would have a negative effect on Ca diffusion to carbon. The significant enhancement of MW heating on carbon diffusion, thus on the more efficient synthesis of calcium carbide, manifested that MW heating would be a promising way for calcium carbide production, and that a sufficient enough carbon material, instead of CaO, was beneficial for calcium carbide formation in MW reactors.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2568microwave heatingdiffusion intensificationcalcium oxidecarboncalcium carbide |
| spellingShingle | Miao Li Siyuan Chen Huan Dai Hong Zhao Biao Jiang Experimental Investigation on the Mass Diffusion Behaviors of Calcium Oxide and Carbon in the Solid-State Synthesis of Calcium Carbide by Microwave Heating Molecules microwave heating diffusion intensification calcium oxide carbon calcium carbide |
| title | Experimental Investigation on the Mass Diffusion Behaviors of Calcium Oxide and Carbon in the Solid-State Synthesis of Calcium Carbide by Microwave Heating |
| title_full | Experimental Investigation on the Mass Diffusion Behaviors of Calcium Oxide and Carbon in the Solid-State Synthesis of Calcium Carbide by Microwave Heating |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Investigation on the Mass Diffusion Behaviors of Calcium Oxide and Carbon in the Solid-State Synthesis of Calcium Carbide by Microwave Heating |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Investigation on the Mass Diffusion Behaviors of Calcium Oxide and Carbon in the Solid-State Synthesis of Calcium Carbide by Microwave Heating |
| title_short | Experimental Investigation on the Mass Diffusion Behaviors of Calcium Oxide and Carbon in the Solid-State Synthesis of Calcium Carbide by Microwave Heating |
| title_sort | experimental investigation on the mass diffusion behaviors of calcium oxide and carbon in the solid state synthesis of calcium carbide by microwave heating |
| topic | microwave heating diffusion intensification calcium oxide carbon calcium carbide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2568 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT miaoli experimentalinvestigationonthemassdiffusionbehaviorsofcalciumoxideandcarboninthesolidstatesynthesisofcalciumcarbidebymicrowaveheating AT siyuanchen experimentalinvestigationonthemassdiffusionbehaviorsofcalciumoxideandcarboninthesolidstatesynthesisofcalciumcarbidebymicrowaveheating AT huandai experimentalinvestigationonthemassdiffusionbehaviorsofcalciumoxideandcarboninthesolidstatesynthesisofcalciumcarbidebymicrowaveheating AT hongzhao experimentalinvestigationonthemassdiffusionbehaviorsofcalciumoxideandcarboninthesolidstatesynthesisofcalciumcarbidebymicrowaveheating AT biaojiang experimentalinvestigationonthemassdiffusionbehaviorsofcalciumoxideandcarboninthesolidstatesynthesisofcalciumcarbidebymicrowaveheating |