Simulating the Electrochemical-Thermal Behavior of a Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery on the Market under Various Discharge Cycles
In this paper, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict the transient temperature distributions of a prismatic lithium-ion polymer battery (LiPo) cooled by natural convection at various discharge cycles is developed. The thermal behavior of a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cell is importa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Batteries |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/8/397 |
| _version_ | 1797585499188101120 |
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| author | Luca Magri Luigi Sequino Cristian Ferrari |
| author_facet | Luca Magri Luigi Sequino Cristian Ferrari |
| author_sort | Luca Magri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict the transient temperature distributions of a prismatic lithium-ion polymer battery (LiPo) cooled by natural convection at various discharge cycles is developed. The thermal behavior of a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cell is important for its safety, performance and degradation, and it requires both measurement and modeling. However, most existing thermal models for Li-ion battery cells only account for steady-state temperature fields, while the exercise of a Li-ion battery cell is usually transitory. The Newman’s pseudo-2D approach was used to perform an electrochemical CFD analysis. This approach treats the porous electrode as a collection of equal-sized, isotropic, homogeneous spherical particles. This simplifies the electrode microstructure and assumes a smooth and uniform lithium insertion/extraction in the electrode. The model has been validated through variable discharge rate experimental tests in a controlled chamber. Additionally, infrared images of the battery cell during discharging are taken and the experimental numerical gradient temperature was compared. We have validated the CFD simulations by comparing the temperature, state of charge and voltage curves with experimental data. The model predictions match the experimental data very well. The difficulty in CFD battery simulations with an electrochemical approach lies in the setting of many physical parameters that are difficult to find. In this work, the parameters’ characteristics of the simulated battery are assumed and validated; these can be useful for modeling batteries of the same type. Consequently, the model developed in this work can be applied to predict the temperature distribution of the LiPo prismatic battery and can be used by the battery designers and by the designers of all systems that include batteries. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:07:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e647f1b8b9ed408a9300fa440e2f90fc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2313-0105 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:07:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Batteries |
| spelling | doaj.art-e647f1b8b9ed408a9300fa440e2f90fc2023-11-19T00:15:36ZengMDPI AGBatteries2313-01052023-07-019839710.3390/batteries9080397Simulating the Electrochemical-Thermal Behavior of a Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery on the Market under Various Discharge CyclesLuca Magri0Luigi Sequino1Cristian Ferrari2CNR—STEMS, Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility of the National Research Council of Italy, 44124 Ferrara, ItalyCNR—STEMS, Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility of the National Research Council of Italy, 80125 Napoli, ItalyCNR—STEMS, Institute of Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Mobility of the National Research Council of Italy, 44124 Ferrara, ItalyIn this paper, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict the transient temperature distributions of a prismatic lithium-ion polymer battery (LiPo) cooled by natural convection at various discharge cycles is developed. The thermal behavior of a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cell is important for its safety, performance and degradation, and it requires both measurement and modeling. However, most existing thermal models for Li-ion battery cells only account for steady-state temperature fields, while the exercise of a Li-ion battery cell is usually transitory. The Newman’s pseudo-2D approach was used to perform an electrochemical CFD analysis. This approach treats the porous electrode as a collection of equal-sized, isotropic, homogeneous spherical particles. This simplifies the electrode microstructure and assumes a smooth and uniform lithium insertion/extraction in the electrode. The model has been validated through variable discharge rate experimental tests in a controlled chamber. Additionally, infrared images of the battery cell during discharging are taken and the experimental numerical gradient temperature was compared. We have validated the CFD simulations by comparing the temperature, state of charge and voltage curves with experimental data. The model predictions match the experimental data very well. The difficulty in CFD battery simulations with an electrochemical approach lies in the setting of many physical parameters that are difficult to find. In this work, the parameters’ characteristics of the simulated battery are assumed and validated; these can be useful for modeling batteries of the same type. Consequently, the model developed in this work can be applied to predict the temperature distribution of the LiPo prismatic battery and can be used by the battery designers and by the designers of all systems that include batteries.https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/8/397CFDlithium batteryNewman’s modelsimulationtemperature distribution |
| spellingShingle | Luca Magri Luigi Sequino Cristian Ferrari Simulating the Electrochemical-Thermal Behavior of a Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery on the Market under Various Discharge Cycles Batteries CFD lithium battery Newman’s model simulation temperature distribution |
| title | Simulating the Electrochemical-Thermal Behavior of a Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery on the Market under Various Discharge Cycles |
| title_full | Simulating the Electrochemical-Thermal Behavior of a Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery on the Market under Various Discharge Cycles |
| title_fullStr | Simulating the Electrochemical-Thermal Behavior of a Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery on the Market under Various Discharge Cycles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Simulating the Electrochemical-Thermal Behavior of a Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery on the Market under Various Discharge Cycles |
| title_short | Simulating the Electrochemical-Thermal Behavior of a Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery on the Market under Various Discharge Cycles |
| title_sort | simulating the electrochemical thermal behavior of a prismatic lithium ion battery on the market under various discharge cycles |
| topic | CFD lithium battery Newman’s model simulation temperature distribution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/9/8/397 |
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