Structural Transitions and Stability of FAPbI<sub>3</sub> and MAPbI<sub>3</sub>: The Role of Interstitial Water
We studied the influence of water on the structural stability and transformations of MAPI and FAPI by anelastic and dielectric spectroscopies under various temperature and H<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/6/1610 |
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| author | Francesco Cordero Floriana Craciun Anna Maria Paoletti Gloria Zanotti |
| author_facet | Francesco Cordero Floriana Craciun Anna Maria Paoletti Gloria Zanotti |
| author_sort | Francesco Cordero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We studied the influence of water on the structural stability and transformations of MAPI and FAPI by anelastic and dielectric spectroscopies under various temperature and H<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>O partial pressure protocols. Before discussing the new results in terms of interstitial water in MAPI and FAPI, the literature is briefly reviewed, in search of other studies and evidences on interstitial water in hybrid halide perovskites. In hydrated MAPI, the elastic anomaly between the cubic <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> and tetragonal <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>β</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> phases may be depressed by more than 50%, demonstrating that there are H<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>O molecules dispersed in the perovskite lattice in interstitial form, that hinder the long range tilting of the PbI<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>6</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> octahedra. Instead, in FAPI, interstitial water accelerates in both senses the reconstructive transformations between 3D <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> and 1D <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>δ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> phases, which is useful during the crystallization of the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> phase. On the other hand, the interstitial H<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>O molecules increase the effective size of the MA and FA cations to which are bonded, shifting the thermodynamic equilibrium from the compact perovskite structure to the open <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>δ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> and hydrated phases of loosely bonded chains of PbI<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>6</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> octahedra. For this reason, when fabricating devices based on hybrid metal-organic halide perovskites, it is important to reduce the content of interstitial water as much as possible before encapsulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:17:02Z |
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| id | doaj.art-e64ef21012b24196a45b56cb12e33c83 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:17:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
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| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-e64ef21012b24196a45b56cb12e33c832023-11-22T00:48:12ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-06-01116161010.3390/nano11061610Structural Transitions and Stability of FAPbI<sub>3</sub> and MAPbI<sub>3</sub>: The Role of Interstitial WaterFrancesco Cordero0Floriana Craciun1Anna Maria Paoletti2Gloria Zanotti3Istituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma, Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, ItalyIstituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma, Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, ItalyIstituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo Scalo, I-00015 Rome, ItalyIstituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR (ISM-CNR), Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, Via Salaria Km 29.300, Monterotondo Scalo, I-00015 Rome, ItalyWe studied the influence of water on the structural stability and transformations of MAPI and FAPI by anelastic and dielectric spectroscopies under various temperature and H<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>O partial pressure protocols. Before discussing the new results in terms of interstitial water in MAPI and FAPI, the literature is briefly reviewed, in search of other studies and evidences on interstitial water in hybrid halide perovskites. In hydrated MAPI, the elastic anomaly between the cubic <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> and tetragonal <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>β</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> phases may be depressed by more than 50%, demonstrating that there are H<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>O molecules dispersed in the perovskite lattice in interstitial form, that hinder the long range tilting of the PbI<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>6</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> octahedra. Instead, in FAPI, interstitial water accelerates in both senses the reconstructive transformations between 3D <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> and 1D <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>δ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> phases, which is useful during the crystallization of the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> phase. On the other hand, the interstitial H<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>O molecules increase the effective size of the MA and FA cations to which are bonded, shifting the thermodynamic equilibrium from the compact perovskite structure to the open <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>δ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> and hydrated phases of loosely bonded chains of PbI<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mrow></mrow><mn>6</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> octahedra. For this reason, when fabricating devices based on hybrid metal-organic halide perovskites, it is important to reduce the content of interstitial water as much as possible before encapsulation.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/6/1610hybrid perovskitesFAPIMAPIkinetics of phase transformationsinterstitial wateranelastic properties |
| spellingShingle | Francesco Cordero Floriana Craciun Anna Maria Paoletti Gloria Zanotti Structural Transitions and Stability of FAPbI<sub>3</sub> and MAPbI<sub>3</sub>: The Role of Interstitial Water Nanomaterials hybrid perovskites FAPI MAPI kinetics of phase transformations interstitial water anelastic properties |
| title | Structural Transitions and Stability of FAPbI<sub>3</sub> and MAPbI<sub>3</sub>: The Role of Interstitial Water |
| title_full | Structural Transitions and Stability of FAPbI<sub>3</sub> and MAPbI<sub>3</sub>: The Role of Interstitial Water |
| title_fullStr | Structural Transitions and Stability of FAPbI<sub>3</sub> and MAPbI<sub>3</sub>: The Role of Interstitial Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural Transitions and Stability of FAPbI<sub>3</sub> and MAPbI<sub>3</sub>: The Role of Interstitial Water |
| title_short | Structural Transitions and Stability of FAPbI<sub>3</sub> and MAPbI<sub>3</sub>: The Role of Interstitial Water |
| title_sort | structural transitions and stability of fapbi sub 3 sub and mapbi sub 3 sub the role of interstitial water |
| topic | hybrid perovskites FAPI MAPI kinetics of phase transformations interstitial water anelastic properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/6/1610 |
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