A Comparison of the Composition and Contamination of Soybean Cultivated in Europe and Limitation of Raw Soy Seed Content in Weaned Pigs’ Diets
The aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition of European soy seeds. A mycological and toxigenic screening was carried out on 18 varieties of soy seeds harvested in Poland. Moreover, the level of soybean meal (SBM) substitution by raw soybean seeds was analysed in terms of its effect...
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/11/1972 |
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| author | Anita Zaworska-Zakrzewska Małgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka Magdalena Twarużek Robert Kosicki Jan Grajewski Zuzanna Wiśniewska Andrzej Rutkowski |
| author_facet | Anita Zaworska-Zakrzewska Małgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka Magdalena Twarużek Robert Kosicki Jan Grajewski Zuzanna Wiśniewska Andrzej Rutkowski |
| author_sort | Anita Zaworska-Zakrzewska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition of European soy seeds. A mycological and toxigenic screening was carried out on 18 varieties of soy seeds harvested in Poland. Moreover, the level of soybean meal (SBM) substitution by raw soybean seeds was analysed in terms of its effect on young pigs’ performance (body weight gain, feed intake, feed utilisation) along with apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter and crude protein in the diets. In a 28-day trial, 48 male pigs were tested using a marker method with TiO<sub>2</sub>. In their diets, SBM was replaced by soy seeds in the amounts of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. In the last 3 days of the experiment, samples of excreta from each animal separately were collected three times per day. The chemical composition of soybean seeds differed in terms of their contents of crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fibre and raffinose family oligosaccharides, as well as the trypsin inhibitor activity. Seeds were also contaminated with fungi, yeast and mycotoxins, mainly zearalenone and deoxynivalenol. The ATTD of crude protein ranged from 70.6% to 77.6% and that of dry matter from 93.5% to 94.6%, with no differences between the groups being found (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Pigs’ performance parameters were reduced strongly with increasing amounts of raw seeds in the diets (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The results indicate that only a 5% addition of raw soy seeds in pigs‘ diet is recommended. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:18:18Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:18:18Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-e667e9b185c54ffea21778c887dc32752023-11-20T18:44:45ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152020-10-011011197210.3390/ani10111972A Comparison of the Composition and Contamination of Soybean Cultivated in Europe and Limitation of Raw Soy Seed Content in Weaned Pigs’ DietsAnita Zaworska-Zakrzewska0Małgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka1Magdalena Twarużek2Robert Kosicki3Jan Grajewski4Zuzanna Wiśniewska5Andrzej Rutkowski6Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Physiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Physiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Physiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-064 Bydgoszcz, PolandDepartment of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, PolandThe aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition of European soy seeds. A mycological and toxigenic screening was carried out on 18 varieties of soy seeds harvested in Poland. Moreover, the level of soybean meal (SBM) substitution by raw soybean seeds was analysed in terms of its effect on young pigs’ performance (body weight gain, feed intake, feed utilisation) along with apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter and crude protein in the diets. In a 28-day trial, 48 male pigs were tested using a marker method with TiO<sub>2</sub>. In their diets, SBM was replaced by soy seeds in the amounts of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. In the last 3 days of the experiment, samples of excreta from each animal separately were collected three times per day. The chemical composition of soybean seeds differed in terms of their contents of crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fibre and raffinose family oligosaccharides, as well as the trypsin inhibitor activity. Seeds were also contaminated with fungi, yeast and mycotoxins, mainly zearalenone and deoxynivalenol. The ATTD of crude protein ranged from 70.6% to 77.6% and that of dry matter from 93.5% to 94.6%, with no differences between the groups being found (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Pigs’ performance parameters were reduced strongly with increasing amounts of raw seeds in the diets (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The results indicate that only a 5% addition of raw soy seeds in pigs‘ diet is recommended.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/11/1972soybean seedsvarietiesmycotoxinsantinutrientspigletsperformance |
| spellingShingle | Anita Zaworska-Zakrzewska Małgorzata Kasprowicz-Potocka Magdalena Twarużek Robert Kosicki Jan Grajewski Zuzanna Wiśniewska Andrzej Rutkowski A Comparison of the Composition and Contamination of Soybean Cultivated in Europe and Limitation of Raw Soy Seed Content in Weaned Pigs’ Diets Animals soybean seeds varieties mycotoxins antinutrients piglets performance |
| title | A Comparison of the Composition and Contamination of Soybean Cultivated in Europe and Limitation of Raw Soy Seed Content in Weaned Pigs’ Diets |
| title_full | A Comparison of the Composition and Contamination of Soybean Cultivated in Europe and Limitation of Raw Soy Seed Content in Weaned Pigs’ Diets |
| title_fullStr | A Comparison of the Composition and Contamination of Soybean Cultivated in Europe and Limitation of Raw Soy Seed Content in Weaned Pigs’ Diets |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comparison of the Composition and Contamination of Soybean Cultivated in Europe and Limitation of Raw Soy Seed Content in Weaned Pigs’ Diets |
| title_short | A Comparison of the Composition and Contamination of Soybean Cultivated in Europe and Limitation of Raw Soy Seed Content in Weaned Pigs’ Diets |
| title_sort | comparison of the composition and contamination of soybean cultivated in europe and limitation of raw soy seed content in weaned pigs diets |
| topic | soybean seeds varieties mycotoxins antinutrients piglets performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/11/1972 |
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