The Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications of an NIR BODIPY-Based Switchable Fluorescent Probe
Highly environment-sensitive fluorophores have been desired for many biomedical applications. Because of the noninvasive operation, high sensitivity, and high specificity to the microenvironment change, they can be used as excellent probes for fluorescence sensing/imaging, cell tracking/imaging, mol...
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MDPI AG
2017-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/2/384 |
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| author | Bingbing Cheng Venugopal Bandi Shuai Yu Francis D’Souza Kytai T. Nguyen Yi Hong Liping Tang Baohong Yuan |
| author_facet | Bingbing Cheng Venugopal Bandi Shuai Yu Francis D’Souza Kytai T. Nguyen Yi Hong Liping Tang Baohong Yuan |
| author_sort | Bingbing Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Highly environment-sensitive fluorophores have been desired for many biomedical applications. Because of the noninvasive operation, high sensitivity, and high specificity to the microenvironment change, they can be used as excellent probes for fluorescence sensing/imaging, cell tracking/imaging, molecular imaging for cancer, and so on (i.e., polarity, viscosity, temperature, or pH measurement). In this work, investigations of the switching mechanism of a recently reported near-infrared environment-sensitive fluorophore, ADP(CA)2, were conducted. Besides, multiple potential biomedical applications of this switchable fluorescent probe have been demonstrated, including wash-free live-cell fluorescence imaging, in vivo tissue fluorescence imaging, temperature sensing, and ultrasound-switchable fluorescence (USF) imaging. The fluorescence of the ADP(CA)2 is extremely sensitive to the microenvironment, especially polarity and viscosity. Our investigations showed that the fluorescence of ADP(CA)2 can be switched on by low polarity, high viscosity, or the presence of protein and surfactants. In wash-free live-cell imaging, the fluorescence of ADP(CA)2 inside cells was found much brighter than the dye-containing medium and was retained for at least two days. In all of the fluorescence imaging applications conducted in this study, high target-to-noise (>5-fold) was achieved. In addition, a high temperature sensitivity (73-fold per Celsius degree) of ADP(CA)2-based temperature probes was found in temperature sensing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:58:12Z |
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| issn | 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:58:12Z |
| publishDate | 2017-02-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-e66d4f262e814ca39a80a0b0aef618542022-12-22T03:41:25ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672017-02-0118238410.3390/ijms18020384ijms18020384The Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications of an NIR BODIPY-Based Switchable Fluorescent ProbeBingbing Cheng0Venugopal Bandi1Shuai Yu2Francis D’Souza3Kytai T. Nguyen4Yi Hong5Liping Tang6Baohong Yuan7Ultrasound and Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USADepartment of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USAUltrasound and Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USADepartment of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USAJoint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Arlington and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USAJoint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Arlington and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USAJoint Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of Texas at Arlington and The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USAUltrasound and Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USAHighly environment-sensitive fluorophores have been desired for many biomedical applications. Because of the noninvasive operation, high sensitivity, and high specificity to the microenvironment change, they can be used as excellent probes for fluorescence sensing/imaging, cell tracking/imaging, molecular imaging for cancer, and so on (i.e., polarity, viscosity, temperature, or pH measurement). In this work, investigations of the switching mechanism of a recently reported near-infrared environment-sensitive fluorophore, ADP(CA)2, were conducted. Besides, multiple potential biomedical applications of this switchable fluorescent probe have been demonstrated, including wash-free live-cell fluorescence imaging, in vivo tissue fluorescence imaging, temperature sensing, and ultrasound-switchable fluorescence (USF) imaging. The fluorescence of the ADP(CA)2 is extremely sensitive to the microenvironment, especially polarity and viscosity. Our investigations showed that the fluorescence of ADP(CA)2 can be switched on by low polarity, high viscosity, or the presence of protein and surfactants. In wash-free live-cell imaging, the fluorescence of ADP(CA)2 inside cells was found much brighter than the dye-containing medium and was retained for at least two days. In all of the fluorescence imaging applications conducted in this study, high target-to-noise (>5-fold) was achieved. In addition, a high temperature sensitivity (73-fold per Celsius degree) of ADP(CA)2-based temperature probes was found in temperature sensing.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/2/384aza-BODIPYenvironment-sensitive fluorophoreswitchable fluorescent probenear-infraredwash-free live-cell imagingin vivo fluorescence imagingtemperature sensingUSF imaging |
| spellingShingle | Bingbing Cheng Venugopal Bandi Shuai Yu Francis D’Souza Kytai T. Nguyen Yi Hong Liping Tang Baohong Yuan The Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications of an NIR BODIPY-Based Switchable Fluorescent Probe International Journal of Molecular Sciences aza-BODIPY environment-sensitive fluorophore switchable fluorescent probe near-infrared wash-free live-cell imaging in vivo fluorescence imaging temperature sensing USF imaging |
| title | The Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications of an NIR BODIPY-Based Switchable Fluorescent Probe |
| title_full | The Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications of an NIR BODIPY-Based Switchable Fluorescent Probe |
| title_fullStr | The Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications of an NIR BODIPY-Based Switchable Fluorescent Probe |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications of an NIR BODIPY-Based Switchable Fluorescent Probe |
| title_short | The Mechanisms and Biomedical Applications of an NIR BODIPY-Based Switchable Fluorescent Probe |
| title_sort | mechanisms and biomedical applications of an nir bodipy based switchable fluorescent probe |
| topic | aza-BODIPY environment-sensitive fluorophore switchable fluorescent probe near-infrared wash-free live-cell imaging in vivo fluorescence imaging temperature sensing USF imaging |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/2/384 |
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