Cardiovascular risk factors in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A family design study of Swedish conscripts
Abstract Objective (1) investigate the associations of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, pulse pressure (PP), physical fitness, and BMI; (2) explore whether cardiovascular risk factors and ADHD share genetic and environmen...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2022-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1930 |
| _version_ | 1811206467974332416 |
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| author | Miguel Garcia‐Argibay Ebba Du Rietz Catharina A. Hartman Paul Lichtenstein Zheng Chang Cristiano Fava Samuele Cortese Henrik Larsson |
| author_facet | Miguel Garcia‐Argibay Ebba Du Rietz Catharina A. Hartman Paul Lichtenstein Zheng Chang Cristiano Fava Samuele Cortese Henrik Larsson |
| author_sort | Miguel Garcia‐Argibay |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective (1) investigate the associations of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, pulse pressure (PP), physical fitness, and BMI; (2) explore whether cardiovascular risk factors and ADHD share genetic and environmental influences; (3) assess if pharmacological treatment for ADHD influences these associations. Methods We identified 395,978 individuals born between 1973 and 1991 who had military conscription examinations at a mean age of 18.3 years (SD = 0.57) and their full‐siblings within the same cohort (N = 208,060) by linking population‐based registers in Sweden. Results Significantly increased risk of ADHD was observed in individuals with low systolic blood pressure (SBP) and PP, low physical fitness, and in those who had overweight or obesity after adjustments (adjusted Odds Ratio [OR] ranging from 1.10 to 1.45). Full siblings of individuals with low SBP, low physical fitness, and obesity were more likely to receive an ADHD diagnosis compared to full siblings without those risk factors (OR ranging from 1.17 to 1.31). Additionally, analyses showed robust associations between ADHD and low SBP, low physical fitness, and obesity, even in ADHD medication‐naïve individuals. Conclusions Individuals with several cardiovascular risk factors are more often diagnosed with ADHD, regardless of psychiatric comorbidity. These association are not explained by ADHD pharmacotherapy, rather, they are in part due to shared familial risk factors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:48:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e6791cc3be6a4777a340baa10cdb685d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1049-8931 1557-0657 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T03:48:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-e6791cc3be6a4777a340baa10cdb685d2022-12-22T03:49:04ZengWileyInternational Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research1049-89311557-06572022-12-01314n/an/a10.1002/mpr.1930Cardiovascular risk factors in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A family design study of Swedish conscriptsMiguel Garcia‐Argibay0Ebba Du Rietz1Catharina A. Hartman2Paul Lichtenstein3Zheng Chang4Cristiano Fava5Samuele Cortese6Henrik Larsson7School of Medical Science Örebro University Örebro SwedenDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Psychiatry University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen Groningen The NetherlandsDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet Stockholm SwedenDepartment of Medicine University of Verona Verona ItalySchool of Psychology University of Southampton Southampton UKSchool of Medical Science Örebro University Örebro SwedenAbstract Objective (1) investigate the associations of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, pulse pressure (PP), physical fitness, and BMI; (2) explore whether cardiovascular risk factors and ADHD share genetic and environmental influences; (3) assess if pharmacological treatment for ADHD influences these associations. Methods We identified 395,978 individuals born between 1973 and 1991 who had military conscription examinations at a mean age of 18.3 years (SD = 0.57) and their full‐siblings within the same cohort (N = 208,060) by linking population‐based registers in Sweden. Results Significantly increased risk of ADHD was observed in individuals with low systolic blood pressure (SBP) and PP, low physical fitness, and in those who had overweight or obesity after adjustments (adjusted Odds Ratio [OR] ranging from 1.10 to 1.45). Full siblings of individuals with low SBP, low physical fitness, and obesity were more likely to receive an ADHD diagnosis compared to full siblings without those risk factors (OR ranging from 1.17 to 1.31). Additionally, analyses showed robust associations between ADHD and low SBP, low physical fitness, and obesity, even in ADHD medication‐naïve individuals. Conclusions Individuals with several cardiovascular risk factors are more often diagnosed with ADHD, regardless of psychiatric comorbidity. These association are not explained by ADHD pharmacotherapy, rather, they are in part due to shared familial risk factors.https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1930attention deficit hyperactivity disorderblood pressurecardiovascular risk factorsphysical fitnessresting heart rate |
| spellingShingle | Miguel Garcia‐Argibay Ebba Du Rietz Catharina A. Hartman Paul Lichtenstein Zheng Chang Cristiano Fava Samuele Cortese Henrik Larsson Cardiovascular risk factors in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A family design study of Swedish conscripts International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research attention deficit hyperactivity disorder blood pressure cardiovascular risk factors physical fitness resting heart rate |
| title | Cardiovascular risk factors in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A family design study of Swedish conscripts |
| title_full | Cardiovascular risk factors in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A family design study of Swedish conscripts |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular risk factors in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A family design study of Swedish conscripts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular risk factors in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A family design study of Swedish conscripts |
| title_short | Cardiovascular risk factors in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A family design study of Swedish conscripts |
| title_sort | cardiovascular risk factors in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder a family design study of swedish conscripts |
| topic | attention deficit hyperactivity disorder blood pressure cardiovascular risk factors physical fitness resting heart rate |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1930 |
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