Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate catalyzed with CuO nanoparticles
Ammonium perchlorate (APC) is the most common oxidizer in use for solid rocket propulsion systems. However its initial thermal decomposition is an endothermic process that requires 102.5 J·g−1. This manner involves high activation energy and could render high burning rate regime. This study reports...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2019-12-01
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| Series: | Defence Technology |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214914718305713 |
| _version_ | 1818607874192965632 |
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| author | Sherif Elbasuney M. Yehia |
| author_facet | Sherif Elbasuney M. Yehia |
| author_sort | Sherif Elbasuney |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ammonium perchlorate (APC) is the most common oxidizer in use for solid rocket propulsion systems. However its initial thermal decomposition is an endothermic process that requires 102.5 J·g−1. This manner involves high activation energy and could render high burning rate regime. This study reports on the sustainable fabrication of CuO nanoparticles as a novel catalyzing agent for APC oxidizer. Colloidal CuO nanoparticles with consistent product quality were fabricated by using hydrothermal processing. TEM micrographs demonstrated mono-dispersed particles of 15 nm particle size. XRD diffractogram demonstrated highly crystalline material. The synthesized colloidal CuO particles were effectively coated with APC particles via co-precipitation by using fast-crash solvent–antisolvent technique. The impact of copper oxide particles on APC thermal behavior has been investigated using DSC and TGA techniques. APC demonstrated an initial endothermic decomposition stage at 242 °C with subsequent two exothermic decomposition stages at 297.8 °C and 452.8 °C respectively. At 1 wt%, copper oxide offered decrease in initial endothermic decomposition stage by 30%. The main outcome of this study is that the two main exothermic decomposition peaks were merged into one single peak with an increase in total heat release by 53%. These novel features can inherit copper oxide particles unique catalyzing ability for advanced highly energetic systems. Keywords: Ammonium perchlorate, Catalyst, Thermal behavior, Energetic systems, Catalyzed propellants |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T14:33:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e67a240d54bb4c21bd4d48df86cd8d0a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2214-9147 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T14:33:41Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Defence Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-e67a240d54bb4c21bd4d48df86cd8d0a2022-12-21T22:28:09ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Defence Technology2214-91472019-12-01156868874Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate catalyzed with CuO nanoparticlesSherif Elbasuney0M. Yehia1Head of Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt; Corresponding author.School of Chemical Engineering, Military Technical College, Cairo, EgyptAmmonium perchlorate (APC) is the most common oxidizer in use for solid rocket propulsion systems. However its initial thermal decomposition is an endothermic process that requires 102.5 J·g−1. This manner involves high activation energy and could render high burning rate regime. This study reports on the sustainable fabrication of CuO nanoparticles as a novel catalyzing agent for APC oxidizer. Colloidal CuO nanoparticles with consistent product quality were fabricated by using hydrothermal processing. TEM micrographs demonstrated mono-dispersed particles of 15 nm particle size. XRD diffractogram demonstrated highly crystalline material. The synthesized colloidal CuO particles were effectively coated with APC particles via co-precipitation by using fast-crash solvent–antisolvent technique. The impact of copper oxide particles on APC thermal behavior has been investigated using DSC and TGA techniques. APC demonstrated an initial endothermic decomposition stage at 242 °C with subsequent two exothermic decomposition stages at 297.8 °C and 452.8 °C respectively. At 1 wt%, copper oxide offered decrease in initial endothermic decomposition stage by 30%. The main outcome of this study is that the two main exothermic decomposition peaks were merged into one single peak with an increase in total heat release by 53%. These novel features can inherit copper oxide particles unique catalyzing ability for advanced highly energetic systems. Keywords: Ammonium perchlorate, Catalyst, Thermal behavior, Energetic systems, Catalyzed propellantshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214914718305713 |
| spellingShingle | Sherif Elbasuney M. Yehia Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate catalyzed with CuO nanoparticles Defence Technology |
| title | Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate catalyzed with CuO nanoparticles |
| title_full | Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate catalyzed with CuO nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate catalyzed with CuO nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate catalyzed with CuO nanoparticles |
| title_short | Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate catalyzed with CuO nanoparticles |
| title_sort | thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate catalyzed with cuo nanoparticles |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214914718305713 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sherifelbasuney thermaldecompositionofammoniumperchloratecatalyzedwithcuonanoparticles AT myehia thermaldecompositionofammoniumperchloratecatalyzedwithcuonanoparticles |