Protopanaxadiol-Enriched Rice Exerted Antiadipogenic Activity during 3T3-L1 Differentiation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
Ginseng is a traditional medicine with health benefits for humans. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is an important bioactive compound found in ginseng. Transgenic rice containing PPD has been generated previously. In the present study, extracts of this transgenic rice were evaluated to assess their antiadipog...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| author | Chaiwat Monmai Jin-Suk Kim Hyun Bo Sim Doh-Won Yun Sung-Dug Oh Eui-Shik Rha Jong-Jin Kim So-Hyeon Baek |
| author_facet | Chaiwat Monmai Jin-Suk Kim Hyun Bo Sim Doh-Won Yun Sung-Dug Oh Eui-Shik Rha Jong-Jin Kim So-Hyeon Baek |
| author_sort | Chaiwat Monmai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ginseng is a traditional medicine with health benefits for humans. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is an important bioactive compound found in ginseng. Transgenic rice containing PPD has been generated previously. In the present study, extracts of this transgenic rice were evaluated to assess their antiadipogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. During adipogenesis, cells were treated with transgenic rice seed extracts. The results revealed that the concentrations of the rice seed extracts tested in this study did not affect cell viability at 3 days post-treatment. However, the rice seed extracts significantly reduced the accumulation of lipids in cells and suppressed the activation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which in turn inhibited the expression of adipogenesis-related mRNAs, such as adiponectin, PPARγ, C/EBPα, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, glucose transport member 4, and fatty acid synthase. In adipocytes, the extracts significantly reduced the mRNA expression of inflammation-related factors following LPS treatment. The activation of NF-κB p65 and ERK 1/2 was inhibited in extract-treated adipocytes. Moreover, treatment with extract #8 markedly reduced the cell population of the G2/M phase. Collectively, these results indicate that transgenic rice containing PPD may act as an obesity-reducing and/or -preventing agent. |
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| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:40:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-e67dc4a1f1d942c4bb4c7e01bd9a8e572023-11-19T02:37:11ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232023-08-01158212310.3390/pharmaceutics15082123Protopanaxadiol-Enriched Rice Exerted Antiadipogenic Activity during 3T3-L1 Differentiation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in 3T3-L1 AdipocytesChaiwat Monmai0Jin-Suk Kim1Hyun Bo Sim2Doh-Won Yun3Sung-Dug Oh4Eui-Shik Rha5Jong-Jin Kim6So-Hyeon Baek7Department of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 59722, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 59722, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Republic of KoreaNational Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of KoreaNational Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 59722, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biomedical Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 57922, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Agricultural Life Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon 59722, Republic of KoreaGinseng is a traditional medicine with health benefits for humans. Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is an important bioactive compound found in ginseng. Transgenic rice containing PPD has been generated previously. In the present study, extracts of this transgenic rice were evaluated to assess their antiadipogenic and anti-inflammatory activities. During adipogenesis, cells were treated with transgenic rice seed extracts. The results revealed that the concentrations of the rice seed extracts tested in this study did not affect cell viability at 3 days post-treatment. However, the rice seed extracts significantly reduced the accumulation of lipids in cells and suppressed the activation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), which in turn inhibited the expression of adipogenesis-related mRNAs, such as adiponectin, PPARγ, C/EBPα, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, glucose transport member 4, and fatty acid synthase. In adipocytes, the extracts significantly reduced the mRNA expression of inflammation-related factors following LPS treatment. The activation of NF-κB p65 and ERK 1/2 was inhibited in extract-treated adipocytes. Moreover, treatment with extract #8 markedly reduced the cell population of the G2/M phase. Collectively, these results indicate that transgenic rice containing PPD may act as an obesity-reducing and/or -preventing agent.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/8/2123transgenic riceprotopanaxadioladipogenesisadipocytePPARγC/EBPα |
| spellingShingle | Chaiwat Monmai Jin-Suk Kim Hyun Bo Sim Doh-Won Yun Sung-Dug Oh Eui-Shik Rha Jong-Jin Kim So-Hyeon Baek Protopanaxadiol-Enriched Rice Exerted Antiadipogenic Activity during 3T3-L1 Differentiation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Pharmaceutics transgenic rice protopanaxadiol adipogenesis adipocyte PPARγ C/EBPα |
| title | Protopanaxadiol-Enriched Rice Exerted Antiadipogenic Activity during 3T3-L1 Differentiation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes |
| title_full | Protopanaxadiol-Enriched Rice Exerted Antiadipogenic Activity during 3T3-L1 Differentiation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes |
| title_fullStr | Protopanaxadiol-Enriched Rice Exerted Antiadipogenic Activity during 3T3-L1 Differentiation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protopanaxadiol-Enriched Rice Exerted Antiadipogenic Activity during 3T3-L1 Differentiation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes |
| title_short | Protopanaxadiol-Enriched Rice Exerted Antiadipogenic Activity during 3T3-L1 Differentiation and Anti-Inflammatory Activity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes |
| title_sort | protopanaxadiol enriched rice exerted antiadipogenic activity during 3t3 l1 differentiation and anti inflammatory activity in 3t3 l1 adipocytes |
| topic | transgenic rice protopanaxadiol adipogenesis adipocyte PPARγ C/EBPα |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/8/2123 |
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