A Ćuk Converter Cell Balancing Technique by Using Coupled Inductors for Lithium-Based Batteries
In this paper, a <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk conv...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-07-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/15/2881 |
| _version_ | 1798038211288629248 |
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| author | Ali Farzan Moghaddam Alex Van den Bossche |
| author_facet | Ali Farzan Moghaddam Alex Van den Bossche |
| author_sort | Ali Farzan Moghaddam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, a <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk converter balancing method by using a coupled inductor for lithium based batteries is investigated. The proposed circuit is an active balancing circuit that will equalize eight battery cells in a series. In electrical vehicles (EV), a battery management system (BMS) is a vital task to achieve the best performance of the batteries and longer lifetime. The problem of voltage difference in a battery pack is an important issue to be improved. To overcome the voltage differences in battery string, an equalizing method is mandatory. The conventional <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk converter requires 2(n − 1) switches to balance n cells, while the proposed circuit requires only n switches for n cells in series. In addition, the proposed developed topology uses coupled inductors instead of un-coupled inductors, unlike the traditional <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk converter balancing method. Since the <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk balancing transfers the energy among two adjacent cells, it requires a proportionately long equalization time particularly for long string battery packs, but the coupled inductor <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk converter type overcomes this problem. The switches are N-channel metal-oxide field-effect transistor (MOSFET) to achieve lower drain-source on-resistance, R<inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <msub> <mrow></mrow> <mrow> <mi>D</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>o</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msub> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>, and less voltage drop as compared to the P-channels. The switches are triggered by complementary signals. The coupled inductor is made in such a way to hold the same magnetizing inductance. It can be done by using five wires in one hand. The circuit contains five inductors, one magnetic core, with five winding for eight cells, and one capacitor for two cells. Therefore, the overall circuitry and complexity of the circuit are reduced, resulting in a more cost-effective and easy to implement circuit. The system also does not demand complicated control for battery equalizing. The experimental circuit was implemented and simulation results were obtained to confirm the validity of the proposed system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:37:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e687da087431439bb085147b3a390142 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:37:08Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-e687da087431439bb085147b3a3901422022-12-22T04:01:43ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732019-07-011215288110.3390/en12152881en12152881A Ćuk Converter Cell Balancing Technique by Using Coupled Inductors for Lithium-Based BatteriesAli Farzan Moghaddam0Alex Van den Bossche1Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions and Systems, Gent University, 9052 Gent, BelgiumDepartment of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions and Systems, Gent University, 9052 Gent, BelgiumIn this paper, a <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk converter balancing method by using a coupled inductor for lithium based batteries is investigated. The proposed circuit is an active balancing circuit that will equalize eight battery cells in a series. In electrical vehicles (EV), a battery management system (BMS) is a vital task to achieve the best performance of the batteries and longer lifetime. The problem of voltage difference in a battery pack is an important issue to be improved. To overcome the voltage differences in battery string, an equalizing method is mandatory. The conventional <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk converter requires 2(n − 1) switches to balance n cells, while the proposed circuit requires only n switches for n cells in series. In addition, the proposed developed topology uses coupled inductors instead of un-coupled inductors, unlike the traditional <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk converter balancing method. Since the <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk balancing transfers the energy among two adjacent cells, it requires a proportionately long equalization time particularly for long string battery packs, but the coupled inductor <inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <mover accent="true"> <mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi> <mo>´</mo> </mover> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>uk converter type overcomes this problem. The switches are N-channel metal-oxide field-effect transistor (MOSFET) to achieve lower drain-source on-resistance, R<inline-formula> <math display="inline"> <semantics> <msub> <mrow></mrow> <mrow> <mi>D</mi> <mi>S</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>o</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msub> </semantics> </math> </inline-formula>, and less voltage drop as compared to the P-channels. The switches are triggered by complementary signals. The coupled inductor is made in such a way to hold the same magnetizing inductance. It can be done by using five wires in one hand. The circuit contains five inductors, one magnetic core, with five winding for eight cells, and one capacitor for two cells. Therefore, the overall circuitry and complexity of the circuit are reduced, resulting in a more cost-effective and easy to implement circuit. The system also does not demand complicated control for battery equalizing. The experimental circuit was implemented and simulation results were obtained to confirm the validity of the proposed system.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/15/2881BMSćuk convertercoupled inductorsEVli-ionMOSFET |
| spellingShingle | Ali Farzan Moghaddam Alex Van den Bossche A Ćuk Converter Cell Balancing Technique by Using Coupled Inductors for Lithium-Based Batteries Energies BMS ćuk converter coupled inductors EV li-ion MOSFET |
| title | A Ćuk Converter Cell Balancing Technique by Using Coupled Inductors for Lithium-Based Batteries |
| title_full | A Ćuk Converter Cell Balancing Technique by Using Coupled Inductors for Lithium-Based Batteries |
| title_fullStr | A Ćuk Converter Cell Balancing Technique by Using Coupled Inductors for Lithium-Based Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Ćuk Converter Cell Balancing Technique by Using Coupled Inductors for Lithium-Based Batteries |
| title_short | A Ćuk Converter Cell Balancing Technique by Using Coupled Inductors for Lithium-Based Batteries |
| title_sort | cuk converter cell balancing technique by using coupled inductors for lithium based batteries |
| topic | BMS ćuk converter coupled inductors EV li-ion MOSFET |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/15/2881 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alifarzanmoghaddam acukconvertercellbalancingtechniquebyusingcoupledinductorsforlithiumbasedbatteries AT alexvandenbossche acukconvertercellbalancingtechniquebyusingcoupledinductorsforlithiumbasedbatteries AT alifarzanmoghaddam cukconvertercellbalancingtechniquebyusingcoupledinductorsforlithiumbasedbatteries AT alexvandenbossche cukconvertercellbalancingtechniquebyusingcoupledinductorsforlithiumbasedbatteries |