Application of deep neural networks for inferring pressure in polymeric acoustic transponders/sensors

Passive sensor-transponders have raised interest for the last few decades, due to their capability of low-cost remote monitoring without the need for energy storage. Their operating principle includes receiving a signal from a source and then reflecting the signal. While well-established transponder...

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Main Authors: Seyedhamidreza Alaie, Subhi J. Al’Aref
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2023-09-01
Series:Machine Learning with Applications
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827023000300
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author Seyedhamidreza Alaie
Subhi J. Al’Aref
author_facet Seyedhamidreza Alaie
Subhi J. Al’Aref
author_sort Seyedhamidreza Alaie
collection DOAJ
description Passive sensor-transponders have raised interest for the last few decades, due to their capability of low-cost remote monitoring without the need for energy storage. Their operating principle includes receiving a signal from a source and then reflecting the signal. While well-established transponders operate through electromagnetic antennas, those with a fully acoustic design have advantages such as lower cost and simplicity. Therefore, detection of pressures using the ultrasound signal that is backscattered from an acoustic resonator has been of interest recently. In order to infer the pressure from the backscattered signal, the established approach has been based upon the principle of detection of the shift to the frequency of resonance. Nevertheless, regression of the pressure from the signal with a small error is challenging and has been subject to research. Here in this paper, we explore an approach that employs deep learning for inferring pressure from the ultrasound reflections of polymeric resonators. We assess if neural network regressors can efficiently infer pressure reflected from a fully acoustic transponder. For this purpose, we compare the performance of several regressors such as a convolutional neural network, a network inspired by the ResNet, and a fully connected neural network. We observe that deep neural networks are advantageous in inferring pressure information with a minimal need for analyzing the signal. Our work suggests that a deep learning approach has the potential to be integrated with or replace other traditional approaches for inferring pressure from an ultrasound signal reflected from fully acoustic transponders or passive sensors.
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spelling doaj.art-e68ffcb1ee174a1f9e357e28194918fa2023-07-08T04:19:20ZengElsevierMachine Learning with Applications2666-82702023-09-0113100477Application of deep neural networks for inferring pressure in polymeric acoustic transponders/sensorsSeyedhamidreza Alaie0Subhi J. Al’Aref1Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA; Corresponding author.Department of Internal Medicine — Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USAPassive sensor-transponders have raised interest for the last few decades, due to their capability of low-cost remote monitoring without the need for energy storage. Their operating principle includes receiving a signal from a source and then reflecting the signal. While well-established transponders operate through electromagnetic antennas, those with a fully acoustic design have advantages such as lower cost and simplicity. Therefore, detection of pressures using the ultrasound signal that is backscattered from an acoustic resonator has been of interest recently. In order to infer the pressure from the backscattered signal, the established approach has been based upon the principle of detection of the shift to the frequency of resonance. Nevertheless, regression of the pressure from the signal with a small error is challenging and has been subject to research. Here in this paper, we explore an approach that employs deep learning for inferring pressure from the ultrasound reflections of polymeric resonators. We assess if neural network regressors can efficiently infer pressure reflected from a fully acoustic transponder. For this purpose, we compare the performance of several regressors such as a convolutional neural network, a network inspired by the ResNet, and a fully connected neural network. We observe that deep neural networks are advantageous in inferring pressure information with a minimal need for analyzing the signal. Our work suggests that a deep learning approach has the potential to be integrated with or replace other traditional approaches for inferring pressure from an ultrasound signal reflected from fully acoustic transponders or passive sensors.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827023000300Pressure sensorNeural networksDeep learningUltrasoundTransponderPassive sensor
spellingShingle Seyedhamidreza Alaie
Subhi J. Al’Aref
Application of deep neural networks for inferring pressure in polymeric acoustic transponders/sensors
Machine Learning with Applications
Pressure sensor
Neural networks
Deep learning
Ultrasound
Transponder
Passive sensor
title Application of deep neural networks for inferring pressure in polymeric acoustic transponders/sensors
title_full Application of deep neural networks for inferring pressure in polymeric acoustic transponders/sensors
title_fullStr Application of deep neural networks for inferring pressure in polymeric acoustic transponders/sensors
title_full_unstemmed Application of deep neural networks for inferring pressure in polymeric acoustic transponders/sensors
title_short Application of deep neural networks for inferring pressure in polymeric acoustic transponders/sensors
title_sort application of deep neural networks for inferring pressure in polymeric acoustic transponders sensors
topic Pressure sensor
Neural networks
Deep learning
Ultrasound
Transponder
Passive sensor
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666827023000300
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