Disruption of Photomorphogenesis Leads to Abnormal Chloroplast Development and Leaf Variegation in Camellia sinensis
Camellia sinensis cv. ‘Yanlingyinbiancha’ is a leaf-variegated mutant with stable genetic traits. The current study aimed to reveal the differences between its albino and green tissues, and the molecular mechanism underlying the variegation. Anatomic analysis showed the chloroplasts of albino tissue...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.720800/full |
| _version_ | 1818722197736259584 |
|---|---|
| author | Xizhi Gao Xizhi Gao Xizhi Gao Chenyu Zhang Chenyu Zhang Chenyu Zhang Chenyu Zhang Cui Lu Minghan Wang Minghan Wang Minghan Wang Nianci Xie Nianci Xie Nianci Xie Jianjiao Chen Jianjiao Chen Jianjiao Chen Yunfei Li Yunfei Li Yunfei Li Jiahao Chen Jiahao Chen Jiahao Chen Chengwen Shen Chengwen Shen Chengwen Shen |
| author_facet | Xizhi Gao Xizhi Gao Xizhi Gao Chenyu Zhang Chenyu Zhang Chenyu Zhang Chenyu Zhang Cui Lu Minghan Wang Minghan Wang Minghan Wang Nianci Xie Nianci Xie Nianci Xie Jianjiao Chen Jianjiao Chen Jianjiao Chen Yunfei Li Yunfei Li Yunfei Li Jiahao Chen Jiahao Chen Jiahao Chen Chengwen Shen Chengwen Shen Chengwen Shen |
| author_sort | Xizhi Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Camellia sinensis cv. ‘Yanlingyinbiancha’ is a leaf-variegated mutant with stable genetic traits. The current study aimed to reveal the differences between its albino and green tissues, and the molecular mechanism underlying the variegation. Anatomic analysis showed the chloroplasts of albino tissues to have no intact lamellar structure. Photosynthetic pigment in albino tissues was significantly lower than that in green tissues, whereas all catechin components were more abundant in the former. Transcriptome analysis revealed most differentially expressed genes involved in the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigment, photosynthesis, and energy metabolism to be downregulated in albino tissues while most of those participating in flavonoid metabolism were upregulated. In addition, it was found cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) and phytochrome B (PHYB) genes that encode blue and red light photoreceptors to be downregulated. These photoreceptors mediate chloroplast protein gene expression, chloroplast protein import and photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis. Simultaneously, SUS gene, which was upregulated in albino tissues, encodes sucrose synthase considered a biochemical marker for sink strength. Collectively, we arrived to the following conclusions: (1) repression of the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigment causes albinism; (2) destruction of photoreceptors in albino tissues suppresses photomorphogenesis, leading to abnormal chloroplast development; (3) albino tissues receive sucrose from the green tissues and decompose their own storage substances to obtain the energy needed for survival; and (4) UV-B signal and brassinosteroids promote flavonoid biosynthesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T20:50:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-e6a5bfd124354ddbb3103281ec2f6fe5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T20:50:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-e6a5bfd124354ddbb3103281ec2f6fe52022-12-21T21:33:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-09-011210.3389/fpls.2021.720800720800Disruption of Photomorphogenesis Leads to Abnormal Chloroplast Development and Leaf Variegation in Camellia sinensisXizhi Gao0Xizhi Gao1Xizhi Gao2Chenyu Zhang3Chenyu Zhang4Chenyu Zhang5Chenyu Zhang6Cui Lu7Minghan Wang8Minghan Wang9Minghan Wang10Nianci Xie11Nianci Xie12Nianci Xie13Jianjiao Chen14Jianjiao Chen15Jianjiao Chen16Yunfei Li17Yunfei Li18Yunfei Li19Jiahao Chen20Jiahao Chen21Jiahao Chen22Chengwen Shen23Chengwen Shen24Chengwen Shen25Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaNational Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaCo-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaNational Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaCo-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaTea Research Institution, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, ChinaInstitution of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaNational Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaCo-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaNational Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaCo-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaNational Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaCo-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaNational Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaCo-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaNational Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaCo-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaNational Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaCo-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaCamellia sinensis cv. ‘Yanlingyinbiancha’ is a leaf-variegated mutant with stable genetic traits. The current study aimed to reveal the differences between its albino and green tissues, and the molecular mechanism underlying the variegation. Anatomic analysis showed the chloroplasts of albino tissues to have no intact lamellar structure. Photosynthetic pigment in albino tissues was significantly lower than that in green tissues, whereas all catechin components were more abundant in the former. Transcriptome analysis revealed most differentially expressed genes involved in the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigment, photosynthesis, and energy metabolism to be downregulated in albino tissues while most of those participating in flavonoid metabolism were upregulated. In addition, it was found cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) and phytochrome B (PHYB) genes that encode blue and red light photoreceptors to be downregulated. These photoreceptors mediate chloroplast protein gene expression, chloroplast protein import and photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis. Simultaneously, SUS gene, which was upregulated in albino tissues, encodes sucrose synthase considered a biochemical marker for sink strength. Collectively, we arrived to the following conclusions: (1) repression of the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigment causes albinism; (2) destruction of photoreceptors in albino tissues suppresses photomorphogenesis, leading to abnormal chloroplast development; (3) albino tissues receive sucrose from the green tissues and decompose their own storage substances to obtain the energy needed for survival; and (4) UV-B signal and brassinosteroids promote flavonoid biosynthesis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.720800/fullCamellia sinensisvariegatedtranscriptome sequencingchloroplast developmentphotomorphogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Xizhi Gao Xizhi Gao Xizhi Gao Chenyu Zhang Chenyu Zhang Chenyu Zhang Chenyu Zhang Cui Lu Minghan Wang Minghan Wang Minghan Wang Nianci Xie Nianci Xie Nianci Xie Jianjiao Chen Jianjiao Chen Jianjiao Chen Yunfei Li Yunfei Li Yunfei Li Jiahao Chen Jiahao Chen Jiahao Chen Chengwen Shen Chengwen Shen Chengwen Shen Disruption of Photomorphogenesis Leads to Abnormal Chloroplast Development and Leaf Variegation in Camellia sinensis Frontiers in Plant Science Camellia sinensis variegated transcriptome sequencing chloroplast development photomorphogenesis |
| title | Disruption of Photomorphogenesis Leads to Abnormal Chloroplast Development and Leaf Variegation in Camellia sinensis |
| title_full | Disruption of Photomorphogenesis Leads to Abnormal Chloroplast Development and Leaf Variegation in Camellia sinensis |
| title_fullStr | Disruption of Photomorphogenesis Leads to Abnormal Chloroplast Development and Leaf Variegation in Camellia sinensis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Disruption of Photomorphogenesis Leads to Abnormal Chloroplast Development and Leaf Variegation in Camellia sinensis |
| title_short | Disruption of Photomorphogenesis Leads to Abnormal Chloroplast Development and Leaf Variegation in Camellia sinensis |
| title_sort | disruption of photomorphogenesis leads to abnormal chloroplast development and leaf variegation in camellia sinensis |
| topic | Camellia sinensis variegated transcriptome sequencing chloroplast development photomorphogenesis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.720800/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xizhigao disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT xizhigao disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT xizhigao disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT chenyuzhang disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT chenyuzhang disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT chenyuzhang disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT chenyuzhang disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT cuilu disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT minghanwang disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT minghanwang disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT minghanwang disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT niancixie disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT niancixie disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT niancixie disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT jianjiaochen disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT jianjiaochen disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT jianjiaochen disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT yunfeili disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT yunfeili disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT yunfeili disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT jiahaochen disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT jiahaochen disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT jiahaochen disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT chengwenshen disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT chengwenshen disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis AT chengwenshen disruptionofphotomorphogenesisleadstoabnormalchloroplastdevelopmentandleafvariegationincamelliasinensis |